C语言方式获取CPUID（二）

Yang_Winston

已于 2022-12-10 16:23:15 修改

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分类专栏： misc # C语言文章标签： c语言开发语言 linux

于 2022-09-15 12:28:18 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40569221/article/details/126868884

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这段代码展示了如何在IA-32和x64架构上使用内联汇编执行CPUID指令来获取CPU的版本信息。`AsmCpuid`函数接受一个索引参数并返回CPUID指令后的EAX、EBX、ECX和EDX寄存器的值。在示例中，主要关注EAX寄存器中的CPU版本信息，并打印出来。

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代码采用的是嵌入汇编（内联汇编）方式，只适用于IA-32和x64架构。参考的是EDKII内核中的源代码。
\MdePkg\Library\BaseLib\Ia32\CpuId.c

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef unsigned int UINT32;
#define IN
#define OUT
#define OPTIONAL
#define EFIAPI
#define CPUID_VERSION_INFO  0x01
#define CPUID_FULL_FAMILY_MODEL                    0x0FFF0FF0
typedef UINT32       CPU_FAMILY;

/**
  CPUID Version Information returned in EAX for CPUID leaf
  #CPUID_VERSION_INFO.
**/
typedef union {
    ///
    /// Individual bit fields
    ///
    struct {
        UINT32    SteppingId : 4; ///< [Bits   3:0] Stepping ID
        UINT32    Model : 4; ///< [Bits   7:4] Model
        UINT32    FamilyId : 4; ///< [Bits  11:8] Family
        UINT32    ProcessorType : 2; ///< [Bits 13:12] Processor Type
        UINT32    Reserved1 : 2; ///< [Bits 15:14] Reserved
        UINT32    ExtendedModelId : 4; ///< [Bits 19:16] Extended Model ID
        UINT32    ExtendedFamilyId : 8; ///< [Bits 27:20] Extended Family ID
        UINT32    Reserved2 : 4; ///< Reserved
    } Bits;
    ///
    /// All bit fields as a 32-bit value
    ///
    UINT32    Uint32;
} CPUID_VERSION_INFO_EAX;


/**
  Retrieves CPUID information.

  Executes the CPUID instruction with EAX set to the value specified by Index.
  This function always returns Index.
  If Eax is not NULL, then the value of EAX after CPUID is returned in Eax.
  If Ebx is not NULL, then the value of EBX after CPUID is returned in Ebx.
  If Ecx is not NULL, then the value of ECX after CPUID is returned in Ecx.
  If Edx is not NULL, then the value of EDX after CPUID is returned in Edx.
  This function is only available on IA-32 and x64.

  @param  Index         The 32-bit value to load into EAX prior to invoking the CPUID
                        instruction.
  @param  RegisterEax   A pointer to the 32-bit EAX value returned by the CPUID
                        instruction. This is an optional parameter that may be NULL.
  @param  RegisterEbx   A pointer to the 32-bit EBX value returned by the CPUID
                        instruction. This is an optional parameter that may be NULL.
  @param  RegisterEcx   A pointer to the 32-bit ECX value returned by the CPUID
                        instruction. This is an optional parameter that may be NULL.
  @param  RegisterEdx   A pointer to the 32-bit EDX value returned by the CPUID
                        instruction. This is an optional parameter that may be NULL.

  @return Index.

**/
UINT32
EFIAPI
AsmCpuid(
    IN      UINT32  Index,
    OUT     UINT32* RegisterEax   OPTIONAL,
    OUT     UINT32* RegisterEbx   OPTIONAL,
    OUT     UINT32* RegisterEcx   OPTIONAL,
    OUT     UINT32* RegisterEdx   OPTIONAL
)
{
    _asm {
        mov     eax, Index
        cpuid
        push    ecx
        mov     ecx, RegisterEax
        jecxz   SkipEax
        mov[ecx], eax
    SkipEax :
        mov     ecx, RegisterEbx
        jecxz   SkipEbx
        mov[ecx], ebx
    SkipEbx :
        pop     eax
        mov     ecx, RegisterEcx
        jecxz   SkipEcx
        mov[ecx], eax
    SkipEcx :
        mov     ecx, RegisterEdx
        jecxz   SkipEdx
        mov[ecx], edx
    SkipEdx :
        mov     eax, Index
    }
}


int main()
{
    CPUID_VERSION_INFO_EAX  Eax;
    CPU_FAMILY family;
    AsmCpuid(CPUID_VERSION_INFO, &Eax.Uint32, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    family = Eax.Uint32& CPUID_FULL_FAMILY_MODEL;
    printf("EAX:%08X\n", Eax.Uint32);
	system("pause");
}