在学习爬虫时,我们经常遇到被限制ip的情况如何获取,下面我们介绍如何获取免费ip的方法:
用爬虫爬取其相关数据:
我们采集的ip网址为:
https://www.xicidaili.com/
如图:
下面分析其代码:
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import random
导入上述模块即可;
1.解析其网页:
def get_ip_list(url, headers):
web_data = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
soup = BeautifulSoup(web_data.text, 'lxml')
ips = soup.find_all('tr')
ip_list = []
for i in range(1, len(ips)):
ip_info = ips[i]
tds = ip_info.find_all('td')
ip_list.append(tds[1].text + ':' + tds[2].text)
return ip_list
2.数据处理
def get_random_ip(ip_list):
proxy_list = []
for ip in ip_list:
proxy_list.append('http://' + ip)
proxy_ip = random.choice(proxy_list)
proxies = {'http': proxy_ip}
return proxies
通过上述方法即可随机获得ip地址:
下面给出完整代码:
# IP地址取自国内髙匿代理IP网站:http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/
# 仅仅爬取首页IP地址就足够一般使用
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import random
def get_ip_list(url, headers):
web_data = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
soup = BeautifulSoup(web_data.text, 'lxml')
ips = soup.find_all('tr')
ip_list = []
for i in range(1, len(ips)):
ip_info = ips[i]
tds = ip_info.find_all('td')
ip_list.append(tds[1].text + ':' + tds[2].text)
return ip_list
def get_random_ip(ip_list):
proxy_list = []
for ip in ip_list:
proxy_list.append('http://' + ip)
proxy_ip = random.choice(proxy_list)
proxies = {'http': proxy_ip}
return proxies
if __name__ == '__main__':
url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/'
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2785.143 Safari/537.36'
}
ip_list = get_ip_list(url, headers=headers)
proxies = get_random_ip(ip_list)
print(proxies)
输出为:{'http': 'http://218.18.232.26:8080'}
为随机输出,数据不唯一。
将其调用到requests.get(url,timeout=20,proxies={'http': 'http://49.79.130.240:8118'})
即可(上述ip为随机)