土地覆盖和土地利用的区别

NOAA. National Ocean Service Website. What Is the Difference between Land Cover and Land Use? https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/lclu.html，02/26/21

转载自美国国家海洋服务官网，原文如下：
Land cover data documents how much of a region is covered by forests, wetlands, impervious surfaces, agriculture, and other land and water types. Water types include wetlands or open water. Land use shows how people use the landscape – whether for development, conservation, or mixed uses. The different types of land cover can be managed or used quite differently.

Land cover can be determined by analyzing satellite and aerial imagery. Land use cannot be determined from satellite imagery. Land cover maps provide information to help managers best understand the current landscape. To see change over time, land cover maps for several different years are needed. With this information, managers can evaluate past management decisions as well as gain insight into the possible effects of their current decisions before they are implemented.

Coastal managers use land cover data and maps to better understand the impacts of natural phenomena and human use of the landscape. Maps can help managers assess urban growth, model water quality issues, predict and assess impacts from floods and storm surges, track wetland losses and potential impacts from sea level rise, prioritize areas for conservation efforts, and compare land cover changes with effects in the environment or to connections in socioeconomic changes such as increasing population.

译文：
土地覆盖数据记录了一个地区被森林、湿地、不透水表面、农业和其他土地和水类型覆盖的程度。水类型包括湿地或开阔水域。土地利用显示了人们如何利用景观–无论是用于开发、保护还是混合用途。不同类型的土地覆盖可以管理或使用非常不同。

通过对卫星和航空图像的分析，可以确定土地覆盖度。不能从卫星图像中确定土地利用情况。土地覆盖图提供信息，以帮助管理人员更好地了解当前的景观。为了看到随着时间的变化，需要几个不同年份的土地覆盖图。有了这些信息，管理人员就可以对过去的管理决定进行评估，并在执行之前洞察当前决策可能产生的影响。

沿海管理人员利用土地覆盖数据和地图，更好地了解自然现象的影响和人类对景观的利用。地图可以帮助管理人员评估城市增长，模拟水质问题，预测和评估洪水和风暴潮的影响，跟踪湿地损失和海平面上升的潜在影响，确定养护工作的优先区域，并将土地覆盖变化与环境影响或与社会经济变化(如人口增加)的联系进行比较。

原文链接：
土地覆盖和土地利用的区别