spring容器基本原理

Spring 最重要的概念是 IOC 和 AOP，本篇主要文章分析 Spring IOC 容器的基本原理以及如何管理bean

首先看一个启动spring容器的例子

package com.spring.learn.XmlApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class ApplicationContextTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:application-ctx.xml");
		System.out.println("ApplicationContext容器创建成功");
		MessageService messageService = context.getBean(MessageService.class);
		System.out.println(messageService.getMessage());
	}

}

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:application-ctx.xml");
		System.out.println("ApplicationContext容器创建成功");

从这句代码的字面意思很就可以猜出主要做了什么， ClassPath 中寻找 xml 配置文件，根据 xml 文件内容来构建 ApplicationContext。其实除了ClassPathXmlApplicationContext来构建ApplicationContext以外，我们也可以用AnnotationConfigApplicationContext和FileSystemXmlApplicationContext来构建ApplicationContext容器。

AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 基于注解使用，它不需要配置文件，采用各种注解来配置，是比较简单的方式。这次我们主要分析ClassPathXmlApplicationContext如何构建spring容器的。

package com.spring.learn.XmlApplicationContext;

public interface MessageService {

	String getMessage();

}

package com.spring.learn.XmlApplicationContext;

public class MessageServiceImpl implements MessageService {

	public String getMessage() {
		return "hello world";
	}

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
       default-autowire="byName">

    <bean id="messageService" class="com.spring.learn.XmlApplicationContext.MessageServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>

spring容器如何通过配置文件来启动 Spring 的 ApplicationContext？。ApplicationContext 启动过程中，如何创建实例 Bean，往各个 Bean 中注入依赖等？

BeanFactory 简介

BeanFactory，生产 bean 的工厂，它负责生产和管理各个 bean 实例。
ApplicationContext 其实就是一个 BeanFactory。我们来看下和 BeanFactory 接口相关的主要的继承结构：

DefaultListableBeanFactory核心类介绍

DefaultListableBeanFactory是整个bean加载核心部分，是spring注册加载bean的默认实现，继承了AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory并实现了ConfigurableListableBeanFactory以及BeanDefinitionRegistry注册bean接口。

AliasRegistry:定义对alias，bean别名的增删改操作。
SimpleAliasRegistry:主要使用map作为alias的缓存，并对接口AliasRegistry进行实现。
SingletonBeanRegistry:定义对单例bean的注册以及获取
BeanFactory:定义获取bean以及bean的各种属性
DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry:对接口SingletonBeanRegistry各个函数方法的实现
HierarchicalBeanFactory:继承BeanFactory,也就是在BeanFactory定义的功能的基础上增加父子关系bean的支持。
BeanDefinitionRegistry:定义对BeanDefinition的各种增删改操作，实现对Bean的注册。
FactoryBeanDefinitionRegistrySupport：在DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry的基础上增加了对FactoryBean的特殊处理的功能。
ConfigurableBeanFactory：提供配置Factory的各种方法。
ListableBeanFactory：获取Bean的列表
AbstractBeanFactory：综合FactoryBeanRegistrySupport和ConfigurableBeanFactory的功能。
AutowireCapableBeanFactory：提供创建bean、自动注入、初始化。
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory：综合AbstractBeanFactory并对接口AutowireCapableBeanFactory进行实现。
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory:BeanFactory配置清单，指定忽略接口以及类型

BeanDefinition介绍

BeanDefinition 就是我们所说的 Spring 的 Bean， Bean 其实会转换成BeanDefinition 存在于 Spring 的 BeanFactory 中,BeanDefinition 中保存了我们的 Bean 信息，比如这个 Bean 指向的是哪个类、是否是单例的、是否懒加载、这个 Bean 依赖了哪些 Bean 等等。

	public interface BeanDefinition extends AttributeAccessor, BeanMetadataElement {

   //sington 和 prototype 两种
   String SCOPE_SINGLETON = ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_SINGLETON;
   String SCOPE_PROTOTYPE = ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE;

  /**
	 * Role hint indicating that a {@code BeanDefinition} is a major part
	 * of the application. Typically corresponds to a user-defined bean.
	 */
   int ROLE_APPLICATION = 0;
   /**
	 * Role hint indicating that a {@code BeanDefinition} is a supporting
	 * part of some larger configuration, typically an outer
	 * {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ComponentDefinition}.
	 * {@code SUPPORT} beans are considered important enough to be aware
	 * of when looking more closely at a particular
	 * {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ComponentDefinition},
	 * but not when looking at the overall configuration of an application.
	 */
   int ROLE_SUPPORT = 1;
   int ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE = 2;

   // 设置父 Bean
   void setParentName(String parentName);

   // 获取父 Bean
   String getParentName();

   // 设置 Bean 的类名称，通过反射来生成实例的
   void setBeanClassName(String beanClassName);

   // 获取 Bean 的类名称
   String getBeanClassName();


   // 设置 bean 的 scope
   void setScope(String scope);

   String getScope();

   // 设置是否懒加载
   void setLazyInit(boolean lazyInit);

   boolean isLazyInit();

   // 设置该 Bean 依赖的所有的 Bean
   void setDependsOn(String... dependsOn);

   // 返回该 Bean 的所有依赖
   String[] getDependsOn();

   // 设置该 Bean 是否可以注入到其他 Bean 中，只对根据类型注入有效，
   // 如果根据名称注入，即使这边设置了 false，也是可以的
   void setAutowireCandidate(boolean autowireCandidate);

   // 该 Bean 是否可以注入到其他 Bean 中
   boolean isAutowireCandidate();

   // 主要的。同一接口的多个实现，如果不指定名字的话，Spring 会优先选择设置 primary 为 true 的 bean
   void setPrimary(boolean primary);

   // 是否是 primary 的
   boolean isPrimary();
   
   // 有些实例不是用反射生成的，而是用工厂模式生成的
   void setFactoryBeanName(String factoryBeanName);
   // 获取工厂名称
   String getFactoryBeanName();
   
   // 指定工厂类中的 工厂方法名称
   void setFactoryMethodName(String factoryMethodName);
   // 获取工厂类中的 工厂方法名称
   String getFactoryMethodName();

   // 构造器参数
   ConstructorArgumentValues getConstructorArgumentValues();

   // Bean 中的属性值，后面给 bean 注入属性值的时候会说到
   MutablePropertyValues getPropertyValues();

   // 是否 singleton
   boolean isSingleton();

   // 是否 prototype
   boolean isPrototype();

   // 如果这个 Bean 是被设置为 abstract，那么不能实例化，
   // 常用于作为 父bean 用于继承，其实也很少用......
   boolean isAbstract();

   int getRole();
   
   String getDescription();
   
   String getResourceDescription();
   
   BeanDefinition getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
}

ApplicationContext启动过程分析

首先，我们肯定要从 ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 的构造方法说起

	public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
			String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, @Nullable ApplicationContext parent)
			throws BeansException {
        // 如果已经有 ApplicationContext 并需要配置成父子关系，再次调用这个方法
		super(parent);
		//设置xml配置文件路径
		setConfigLocations(configLocations);
		if (refresh) {
		//加载bean， ApplicationContext 建立起来以后，
		//其实是可以通过调用 refresh() 这个方法重建的，
		//refresh() 会将原来的 ApplicationContext 销毁，
		//然后再重新执行一次初始化操作
			refresh();
		}
	}

接下来，就是 refresh()。ApplicationContext 建立起来以后，可以通过调用 refresh() 这个方法重建的，refresh() 会将原来的容器销毁，再重新执行一次初始化操作。

	@Override
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			// 刷新容器之前一些准备操作，记录容器的启动时间、标记启动状态
			prepareRefresh();

			 // 解析xml配置文件，获取配置信息，生成 Bean 定义，注册到 BeanFactory 中
            // 生成内部持有类DefaultListableBeanFactory，获取BeanDefinition
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

            //AbstractApplicationContext
			//设置 BeanFactory 的类加载器getClassLoader()
			//addBeanPostProcessor，添加几个BeanPostProcessor实现类
			//ignoreDependencyInterface，忽略几个bean依赖接口
			//registerResolvableDependency，注册特殊的bean
			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

			try {
				// 这里是提供给子类的扩展方法
               // 具体的子类可以实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

				//Bean初始化前调用实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor的类的方法，postProcessBeanFactory
				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				 // 注册实现BeanPostProcessor 的Bean
                //Bean在初始化之前和初始化之后调用BeanPostProcessor的两个方法，postProcessBeforeInitialization，postProcessAfterInitialization
				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				//初始化spring国际化信息
				initMessageSource();

				// 初始化spring事件
				initApplicationEventMulticaster();

				// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
				onRefresh();

				// 注册事件监听器
				registerListeners();

				// 初始化Bean（单例以及非懒加载）
				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

				// Last step: publish corresponding event.
				finishRefresh();
			}

			catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
					logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
							"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
				}

				// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
				destroyBeans();

				// Reset 'active' flag.
				cancelRefresh(ex);

				// Propagate exception to caller.
				throw ex;
			}

			finally {
				// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
				// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
				resetCommonCaches();
			}
		}
	}

spring容器如何生成内部持有类DefaultListableBeanFactory

obtainFreshBeanFactory方法将会初始化 BeanFactory、加载 Bean、注册 Bean 等获取Bean配置信息

	@Override
	protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
	    //是否持有当前BeanFactory
		if (hasBeanFactory()) {
		    //销毁所有 Bean
			destroyBeans();
			//关闭 BeanFactory
			closeBeanFactory();
		}
		try {
		    // 初始化一个 DefaultListableBeanFactory
			DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
			
			//序列化DefaultListableBeanFactory
			beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
            
            //设置bean是否可以被覆盖，循环依赖
			customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
			
            //加载生成BeanDefinition到beanFactory
			loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
			synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
				this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
			}
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
		}
	}

XmlBeanDefinitionReader读取资源配置文件

	@Override
	protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
		//BeanFactory 实例化一个 XmlBeanDefinitionReader.
		XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);

		// Configure the bean definition reader with this context's
		// resource loading environment.
		beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
		beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
		beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));

		// Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
		// then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
		initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);

		loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
	}

根据配置文件路径加载BeanDefinition

	protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
		Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
		if (configResources != null) {
			reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
		}
		String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
		if (configLocations != null) {
			reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
		}
	}

    //总共加载了多少的 BeanDefinition
	@Override
	public int loadBeanDefinitions(String... locations) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		Assert.notNull(locations, "Location array must not be null");
		int count = 0;
		for (String location : locations) {
			count += loadBeanDefinitions(location);
		}
		return count;
	}

AbstractBeanDefinitionReader，213行

	public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, @Nullable Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
		if (resourceLoader == null) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
					"Cannot load bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available");
		}

		if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {
			// Resource pattern matching available.
			try {
				Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);
				
				//点进下一方法
				int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
				if (actualResources != null) {
					Collections.addAll(actualResources, resources);
				}
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]");
				}
				return count;
			}
			catch (IOException ex) {
				throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
						"Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex);
			}
		}
		else {
			// Can only load single resources by absolute URL.
			Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
			int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
			if (actualResources != null) {
				actualResources.add(resource);
			}
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]");
			}
			return count;
		}
	}

XmlBeanDefinitionReader，304行，加载BeanDefinition

    @Override
	public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource... resources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		Assert.notNull(resources, "Resource array must not be null");
		int count = 0;
		for (Resource resource : resources) {
			count += loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
		}
		return count;
	}
	
	public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource);
		}

        //ThreadLocal保存配置信息
		Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
		if (currentResources == null) {
			currentResources = new HashSet<>(4);
			this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
		}
		if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
					"Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
		}
		try {
			InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
			try {
				InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
				if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
					inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
				}
				//关键部分，往下继续
				return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
			}
			finally {
				inputStream.close();
			}
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
					"IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
		}
		finally {
			currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
			if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
				this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
			}
		}
	}

将 xml 文件转换为 Document 对象

	protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

		try {
			Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
			 //注册BeanDefinition，继续往下看
			int count = registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from " + resource);
			}
			return count;
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (SAXParseException ex) {
			throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Line " + ex.getLineNumber() + " in XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
		}
		catch (SAXException ex) {
			throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
		}
		catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Parser configuration exception parsing XML from " + resource, ex);
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"IOException parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Unexpected exception parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
		}
	}

返回从当前配置文件加载了多少数量的 Bean

	public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
		int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
		 //关键部分，go
		documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
		return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
	}

	protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
		// Any nested <beans> elements will cause recursion in this method. In
		// order to propagate and preserve <beans> default-* attributes correctly,
		// keep track of the current (parent) delegate, which may be null. Create
		// the new (child) delegate with a reference to the parent for fallback purposes,
		// then ultimately reset this.delegate back to its original (parent) reference.
		// this behavior emulates a stack of delegates without actually necessitating one.
		BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
		this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);

		if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
			String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
			if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
				String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
						profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
				// We cannot use Profiles.of(...) since profile expressions are not supported
				// in XML config. See SPR-12458 for details.
				if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
					if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
						logger.debug("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
								"] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
					}
					return;
				}
			}
		}

		preProcessXml(root);
		//继续往下
		parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
		postProcessXml(root);

		this.delegate = parent;
	}

默认四个标签 <import />、<alias />、<bean /> 和 <beans />，其他的属于自定义

	protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
		if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
			NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
			for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
				Node node = nl.item(i);
				if (node instanceof Element) {
					Element ele = (Element) node;
					if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
					    //先看默认标签
						parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
					}
					else {
					    //自定义标签，下次再分析
						delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		else {
			delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
		}
	}
   
    private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
        //import
		if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
			importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
		}
		//alias
		else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
			processAliasRegistration(ele);
		}
		//bean
		else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
		    //先分析加载Bean，其他标签暂不先分析
			processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
		}
		//beans
		else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
			// recurse
			doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
		}
	}

	protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
	    //解析 bean 元素
		BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
		if (bdHolder != null) {
			bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
			try {
				// 注册BeanDefinition信息
				BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
			}
			catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
				getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
						bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
			}
			// Send registration event.
			getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
		}
	}

   public static void registerBeanDefinition(
			BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

		// Register bean definition under primary name.
		String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
		registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());

		// Register aliases for bean name, if any.
		String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
		if (aliases != null) {
			for (String alias : aliases) {
				registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
			}
		}
	}

BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 414，解析xml文件中的Bean元素

	@Nullable
	public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {
	    //Bean ID
		String id = ele.getAttribute(ID_ATTRIBUTE);
		//Bean name
		String nameAttr = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);

        //将name“逗号、分号、空格” 切分，别名列表数组 ",; "
		List<String> aliases = new ArrayList<>();
		if (StringUtils.hasLength(nameAttr)) {
			String[] nameArr = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(nameAttr, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
			aliases.addAll(Arrays.asList(nameArr));
		}

		String beanName = id;
		if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName) && !aliases.isEmpty()) {
			beanName = aliases.remove(0);
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("No XML 'id' specified - using '" + beanName +
						"' as bean name and " + aliases + " as aliases");
			}
		}

		if (containingBean == null) {
			checkNameUniqueness(beanName, aliases, ele);
		}

        //解析为BeanDefinition
		AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, beanName, containingBean);
		if (beanDefinition != null) {
			if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName)) {
				try {
					if (containingBean != null) {
						beanName = BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.generateBeanName(
								beanDefinition, this.readerContext.getRegistry(), true);
					}
					else {
						beanName = this.readerContext.generateBeanName(beanDefinition);
						// Register an alias for the plain bean class name, if still possible,
						// if the generator returned the class name plus a suffix.
						// This is expected for Spring 1.2/2.0 backwards compatibility.
						String beanClassName = beanDefinition.getBeanClassName();
						if (beanClassName != null &&
								beanName.startsWith(beanClassName) && beanName.length() > beanClassName.length() &&
								!this.readerContext.getRegistry().isBeanNameInUse(beanClassName)) {
							aliases.add(beanClassName);
						}
					}
					if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
						logger.trace("Neither XML 'id' nor 'name' specified - " +
								"using generated bean name [" + beanName + "]");
					}
				}
				catch (Exception ex) {
					error(ex.getMessage(), ele);
					return null;
				}
			}
			String[] aliasesArray = StringUtils.toStringArray(aliases);
			return new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, beanName, aliasesArray);
		}

		return null;
	}

接着上面看一下如何把Element信息解析成BeanDefinition，BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 500行

	@Nullable
	public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionElement(
			Element ele, String beanName, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {

		this.parseState.push(new BeanEntry(beanName));

		String className = null;
		if (ele.hasAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
			className = ele.getAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE).trim();
		}
		String parent = null;
		if (ele.hasAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE)) {
			parent = ele.getAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE);
		}

		try {
			AbstractBeanDefinition bd = createBeanDefinition(className, parent);

			parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(ele, beanName, containingBean, bd);
			bd.setDescription(DomUtils.getChildElementValueByTagName(ele, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT));
            // 解析 <meta />
			parseMetaElements(ele, bd);
			// 解析 <lookup-method />
			parseLookupOverrideSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());
			// 解析 <replaced-method />
			parseReplacedMethodSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());
            //<constructor-arg />
			parseConstructorArgElements(ele, bd);
			//解析 <property />
			parsePropertyElements(ele, bd);
			//解析 <qualifier />
			parseQualifierElements(ele, bd);

			bd.setResource(this.readerContext.getResource());
			bd.setSource(extractSource(ele));

			return bd;
		}
		catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
			error("Bean class [" + className + "] not found", ele, ex);
		}
		catch (NoClassDefFoundError err) {
			error("Class that bean class [" + className + "] depends on not found", ele, err);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			error("Unexpected failure during bean definition parsing", ele, ex);
		}
		finally {
			this.parseState.pop();
		}

		return null;
	}

DefaultListableBeanFactory 908行,注册BeanDefinition

    @Override
	public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

		Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty");
		Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null");

		if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
			try {
				((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate();
			}
			catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
				throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
						"Validation of bean definition failed", ex);
			}
		}

		BeanDefinition existingDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName);
		if (existingDefinition != null) {
		    //是否允许覆盖Bean
			if (!isAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding()) {
				throw new BeanDefinitionOverrideException(beanName, beanDefinition, existingDefinition);
			}
			else if (existingDefinition.getRole() < beanDefinition.getRole()) {
				// 日志打印：用框架定义的 Bean 覆盖用户自定义的 Bean 
				if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
					logger.info("Overriding user-defined bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
							"' with a framework-generated bean definition: replacing [" +
							existingDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
				}
			}
			else if (!beanDefinition.equals(existingDefinition)) {
			    //日志打印：用新的 Bean 覆盖旧的 Bean
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
							"' with a different definition: replacing [" + existingDefinition +
							"] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
				}
			}
			else {
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
							"' with an equivalent definition: replacing [" + existingDefinition +
							"] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
				}
			}
			//beanDefinition put 至 beanDefinitionMap
			this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
		}
		else {
			if (hasBeanCreationStarted()) {
				// Cannot modify startup-time collection elements anymore (for stable iteration)
				synchronized (this.beanDefinitionMap) {
					this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
					List<String> updatedDefinitions = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames.size() + 1);
					updatedDefinitions.addAll(this.beanDefinitionNames);
					updatedDefinitions.add(beanName);
					this.beanDefinitionNames = updatedDefinitions;
					removeManualSingletonName(beanName);
				}
			}
			else {
				// Still in startup registration phase
				this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
				this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
				removeManualSingletonName(beanName);
			}
			this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null;
		}

		if (existingDefinition != null || containsSingleton(beanName)) {
			resetBeanDefinition(beanName);
		}
	}

到这里ClassPathXmlApplicationContext容器内部持有类DefaultListableBeanFactory已构造完毕，bean 配置也相应的转换为BeanDefinition，BeanDefinition put 至beanDefinitionMap中。

我们再回顾看一下refresh() 方法，居然刚到obtainFreshBeanFactory方法😱

    @Override
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			// 刷新容器之前一些准备操作，记录容器的启动时间、标记启动状态
			prepareRefresh();

			 // 解析xml配置文件，获取配置信息，生成 Bean 定义，注册到 BeanFactory 中
            // 生成内部持有类DefaultListableBeanFactory，获取BeanDefinition
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

            //AbstractApplicationContext
			//设置 BeanFactory 的类加载器getClassLoader()
			//addBeanPostProcessor，添加几个BeanPostProcessor实现类
			//ignoreDependencyInterface，忽略几个bean依赖接口
			//registerResolvableDependency，注册特殊的bean
			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

			try {
				// 这里是提供给子类的扩展方法
               // 具体的子类可以实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

				//Bean初始化前调用实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor的类的方法，postProcessBeanFactory
				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				 // 注册实现BeanPostProcessor 的Bean
                //Bean在初始化之前和初始化之后调用BeanPostProcessor的两个方法，postProcessBeforeInitialization，postProcessAfterInitialization
				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				//初始化spring国际化信息
				initMessageSource();

				// 初始化spring事件
				initApplicationEventMulticaster();

				// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
				onRefresh();

				// 注册事件监听器
				registerListeners();

				// 初始化Bean（单例以及非懒加载）
				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

				// Last step: publish corresponding event.
				finishRefresh();
			}

			catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
					logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
							"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
				}

				// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
				destroyBeans();

				// Reset 'active' flag.
				cancelRefresh(ex);

				// Propagate exception to caller.
				throw ex;
			}

			finally {
				// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
				// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
				resetCommonCaches();
			}
		}
	}

准备 Bean 容器: prepareBeanFactory

	protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// 设置当前类加载器.
		beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
		beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
		beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));

		// Bean初始化后会回调实现ApplicationContextAwareProcessor的类中的方法
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
		
        // 下面几行的意思就是，如果某个 bean 依赖于以下几个接口的实现类，在自动装配的时候忽略它们，
        // Spring 会通过其他方式来处理这些依赖。
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);

		/**
    	* 注册 bean 赋值，如果有 bean 依赖了以下几个，会注入这边相应的值
    	*/
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);

		// Bean加载完成后，如果是实现ApplicationListenerDetector的类，会注册监听事件
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));

		// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
			// Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
			beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
		}

		// 手动注册特殊的Bean
		if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
		}
		if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
		}
		if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
		}
	}

invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors：调用执行实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的Bean里的postProcessBeanFactory方法

	protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());

		// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found in the meantime
		// (e.g. through an @Bean method registered by ConfigurationClassPostProcessor)
		if (beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
			beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
		}
	}

注册实现BeanPostProcessor接口的Bean存入List beanPostProcessors，每个Bean实例化前后会调用postProcessBeforeInitialization方法和postProcessAfterInitialization

	protected void registerBeanPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, this);
	}

初始化所有的 singleton beans

finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)这个方法会初始化所有的 singleton beans。
也就是说到目前为止， BeanFactory 已经创建完成，并且所有的实现了 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 接口的 Bean 都已经初始化并且其中的 postProcessBeanFactory(factory) 方法已经得到回调执行了， Spring 已经“手动”注册了一些特殊的 Bean，如 ‘environment’、‘systemProperties’ 等。

	protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// ConversionService处理类型转换，举个例子：将前端传过来的参数和后端的 controller 方法上的参数进行绑定的时候
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
				beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
			beanFactory.setConversionService(
					beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
		}

		// Register a default embedded value resolver if no bean post-processor
		// (such as a PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:
		// at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.
		if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
			beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
		}

		// Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.
		String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
		for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
			getBean(weaverAwareName);
		}

		// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

		// Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.
		beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

		//初始化Bean
		beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
	}

类DefaultListableBeanFactory （又见到你了），preInstantiateSingletons，812行

	@Override
	public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
		}

		// beanDefinitionNames这个List保存所有Bean的name
		List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

		// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
		    //合并父Bean的配置
			RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
			//非抽象bean、单例Bean、非懒加载
			if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
			   //判断是否FactoryBean，在 beanName 前面加上 ‘&’ 符号
				if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
					Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
					if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
						final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
						boolean isEagerInit;
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
							isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
											((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
									getAccessControlContext());
						}
						else {
							isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
									((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
						}
						if (isEagerInit) {
							getBean(beanName);
						}
					}
				}
				else {
				   // 普通Bean初始化
					getBean(beanName);
				}
			}
		}

		// 单例Bean已经初始化，如果Bean实现了SmartInitializingSingleton，则回调afterSingletonsInstantiated方法
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
			Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
			if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
				final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
				if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
					AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
						smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
						return null;
					}, getAccessControlContext());
				}
				else {
					smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
				}
			}
		}
	}

容器初始化后我们一般用getBean获取Bean，注意这里会判断是否已经初始化，如果已经初始化则从容器中取，否则就先初始化再返回

	@Override
	public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
		return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
	}

protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
			@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {

        //获取Bean名称，FactoryBean(前面带 ‘&’)，一个是别名问题，因为这个方法是 getBean，获取 Bean 用的
		final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
		//注意这个值是我们要返回的Bean
		Object bean;

		// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
		//这里会判断bean是否已经实例化判断
		Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
		if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
					logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
							"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
				}
				else {
					logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
				}
			}
			//已经创建，返回给你
			bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
		}

		else {
			// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
			// We're assumably within a circular reference.
			if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
				throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
			}

			// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
			//检查BeanDefinition 在容器中是否存在
			BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
			if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
				// Not found -> check parent.
				String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
				if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
					return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
							nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
				}
				else if (args != null) {
					// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
				}
				else if (requiredType != null) {
					// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
					return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
				}
				else {
					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
				}
			}

			if (!typeCheckOnly) {
				markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
			}

			try {
				final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
				checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

				// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.             
				//获取依赖的Bean
				String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
				if (dependsOn != null) {
					for (String dep : dependsOn) {
						if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
									"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
						}
						// 注册一下依赖关系
						registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
						try {
						    // 先初始化被依赖项
							getBean(dep);
						}
						catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
									"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
						}
					}
				}

				// Create bean instance.
				if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
					sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
						try {
						    //进去，实例化Bean
							return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
						}
						catch (BeansException ex) {
							// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
							// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
							// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
							destroySingleton(beanName);
							throw ex;
						}
					});
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}

				else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
					// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
					Object prototypeInstance = null;
					try {
						beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
						prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
					}
					finally {
						afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
					}
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}

				else {
					String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
					final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
					if (scope == null) {
						throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
					}
					try {
						Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
							beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
							try {
								return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
							}
							finally {
								afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
							}
						});
						bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
					}
					catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
						throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
								"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
								"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
								ex);
					}
				}
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
				throw ex;
			}
		}

		// Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
		if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
			try {
				T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
				if (convertedBean == null) {
					throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
				}
				return convertedBean;
			}
			catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
							ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
				}
				throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
			}
		}
		return (T) bean;
	}

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类中：

	@Override
	protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
		}
		RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;

		// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
		// clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
		// which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
		// 确保 BeanDefinition 中的 Class 被加载
		Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
		if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
			mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
			mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
		}

		// Prepare method overrides.
		try {
			mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
					beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
		}

		try {
			// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
			 //看注释，意思是动态代理，下次再分析Spring AOP先过吧
			Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
			if (bean != null) {
				return bean;
			}
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
		}

		try {
		    //点进去看，doCreateBean，构建Bean
			Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
			}
			return beanInstance;
		}
		catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
			// A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
			// or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
		}
	}

	protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		// Instantiate the bean.
		BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
		if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
			instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
		}
		if (instanceWrapper == null) {
		    //这里实例化 Bean，这里还没有对Bean属性赋值，点进看看如何实例化的
			instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
		}
		final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
		Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
		if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
			mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
		}

		// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
		synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
			if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
				try {
					applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
				}
				catch (Throwable ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
							"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
				}
				mbd.postProcessed = true;
			}
		}

		// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
		// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
		boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
						"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
			}
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
		}

		// Initialize the bean instance.
		Object exposedObject = bean;
		try {
		    // 这一步负责属性装配，因为前面的实例只是实例化了，并没有设值
			populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
			exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
				throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
			}
			else {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
			}
		}

		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
			if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
				if (exposedObject == bean) {
					exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
				}
				else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
					String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
					Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
					for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
						if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
							actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
						}
					}
					if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
						throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
								"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
								StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
								"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
								"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
								"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
								"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Register bean as disposable.
		try {
			registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
		}

		return exposedObject;
	}

	protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
		// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
		// 确保此时确实加载了bean class
		Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);

		if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
		}

		Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
		if (instanceSupplier != null) {
			return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
		}

		if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
		    // 采用工厂方法实例化
			return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
		}

		// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
		boolean resolved = false;
		boolean autowireNecessary = false;
		if (args == null) {
			synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
				if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
					resolved = true;
					autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
				}
			}
		}
		if (resolved) {
			if (autowireNecessary) {
			    // 构造函数依赖注
				return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
			}
			else {
			     // 无参构造函数
				return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
			}
		}

		// Candidate constructors for autowiring?
		Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
		if (ctors != null || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
				mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
			return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
		}

		// Preferred constructors for default construction?
		ctors = mbd.getPreferredConstructors();
		if (ctors != null) {
			return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, null);
		}

		// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
		//无参构造函数,先看看这个方法如何实现的
		return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
	}

@Override
	public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
		// Don't override the class with CGLIB if no overrides.
		if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
			Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
			synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
				constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
				if (constructorToUse == null) {
					final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
					if (clazz.isInterface()) {
						throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
					}
					try {
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
							constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
									(PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
						}
						else {
							constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
						}
						bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
					}
					catch (Throwable ex) {
						throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
					}
				}
			}
			//反射实例化，细节就不探讨了😌
			return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
		}
		else {
			// Must generate CGLIB subclass.
			//CGLIB实例化
			return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
		}
	}

到这里，我们终于看到bean被实例化了，然后再看看属性怎么注入的。。。
回过头来看下类AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory的方法doCreateBean，看下populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper)

	protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
		if (bw == null) {
			if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
			}
			else {
				// Skip property population phase for null instance.
				return;
			}
		}

		// Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
		// state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
		// to support styles of field injection.
		boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;

		if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
			for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
				if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
					InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
					if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
						continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
			return;
		}
        // bean 实例的所有属性都在这里了
		PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);

		int resolvedAutowireMode = mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode();
		if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
			MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
			// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
			if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
			   //根据名字设置属性
				autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
			}
			// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
			if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
			    //根据类型设置属性
				autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
			}
			pvs = newPvs;
		}

		boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
		boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != AbstractBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);

		PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = null;
		if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
			if (pvs == null) {
				pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
			}
			for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
			    //@Autowired、@Value 注解的依赖进行设值
				if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
					InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
					PropertyValues pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
					if (pvsToUse == null) {
						if (filteredPds == null) {
							filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
						}
						pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
						if (pvsToUse == null) {
							return;
						}
					}
					pvs = pvsToUse;
				}
			}
		}
		if (needsDepCheck) {
			if (filteredPds == null) {
				filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
			}
			checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
		}

		if (pvs != null) {
		    // 设置属性值
			applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
		}
	}

属性赋值完成后，还有一步处理会调initializeBean

	protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
		if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
			AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
				invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
				return null;
			}, getAccessControlContext());
		}
		else {
		     //表示如果 bean 实现了 BeanNameAware、BeanClassLoaderAware 或 BeanFactoryAware 接口，在这里回调
			invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
		}

		Object wrappedBean = bean;
		if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
		//实现BeanPostProcessor 的Bean postProcessBeforeInitialization 回调
			wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
		}

		try {
		    // 处理 bean 中定义的 init-method，
            // 或者如果 bean 实现了 InitializingBean 接口，调用 afterPropertiesSet() 方法
			invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
					beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
		}
		if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
		    //实现BeanPostProcessor 的Bean postProcessBeforeInitialization 回调
			wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
		}

		return wrappedBean;
	}