实验3 链表的基本操作

头文件

//
// Created by 23518 on 2020/10/25.
//

#ifndef TEST_EXPRIMENT3_MYLIST_H
#define TEST_EXPRIMENT3_MYLIST_H

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

template<typename T = int>
class MyList {
private:
    struct Node {
        T data;
        Node* prior = nullptr;
        Node* next = nullptr;
    };
    Node LNode;
    Node* front = &LNode;
    Node* rear = &LNode;

    int size_ = 0;
public:
    MyList() = default;

    MyList(const MyList<T>&);

    MyList(const MyList<T>&&) = delete;

    MyList& operator=(const MyList&);

    MyList& operator=(const MyList&&) = delete;

    ~MyList();

    T operator[](int index) const noexcept(false);

    T& operator[](int index) noexcept(false);

    void clear();

    [[maybe_unused]] [[nodiscard]] bool isEmpty() const;

    [[nodiscard]] int size() const;

    int index(T) noexcept;

    T priorElem(T) noexcept(false);

    T nextElem(T) noexcept(false);

    void add(T) noexcept;

    void addAsPre(T) noexcept;

    void mylistInsert(int index, T t) noexcept(false);

    void mylistDelete(int index) noexcept(false);
};

template<typename T>
MyList<T>::MyList(const MyList<T>& li) : MyList() {
    size_ = li.size_;
    Node* p = li.LNode.next;
    Node* tmp = LNode;
    while (p) {
        Node* node = new Node;
        tmp->next = node;
        node->data = p->data;
        node->prior = tmp;
        tmp = node;
        p = p->next;
    }
    rear = tmp;
}

template<typename T>
MyList<T>& MyList<T>::operator=(const MyList& li) {
    if (this == &li)
        return *this;
    clear();
    size_ = li.size_;
    Node* p = li.LNode.next;
    Node* tmp = LNode;
    while (p) {
        Node* node = new Node;
        tmp->next = node;
        node->data = p->data;
        node->prior = tmp;
        tmp = node;
        p = p->next;
    }
    rear = tmp;
    return *this;
}

template<typename T>
MyList<T>::~MyList() {
    clear();
}

template<typename T>
T MyList<T>::operator[](int index) const noexcept(false) {
    if (index < 0 || index > size_ - 1)
        throw out_of_range("The index is illegal!");
    Node* p = LNode.next;
    int i = 0;
    while (i != index) {
        p = p->next;
        i++;
    }
    return p->data;
}

template<typename T>
T& MyList<T>::operator[](int index) noexcept(false) {
    if (index < 0 || index > size_ - 1)
        throw out_of_range("The index is illegal!");
    Node* p = LNode.next;
    int i = 0;
    while (i != index) {
        p = p->next;
        i++;
    }
    return p->data;
}

template<typename T>
void MyList<T>::clear() {
    Node* p = LNode.next;
    while (p) {
        Node* tmp = p->next;
        delete p;
        p = tmp;
    }
    LNode.next = nullptr;
    size_ = 0;
    rear = front;
}

template<typename T>
[[maybe_unused]] bool MyList<T>::isEmpty() const {
    return front == rear;
}

template<typename T>
int MyList<T>::size() const {
    return size_;
}

template<typename T>
int MyList<T>::index(T t) noexcept {
    Node* p = LNode.next;
    int i = 0;
    while (p) {
        if (p->data == t)
            return i;
        i++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    return -1;
}

template<typename T>
T MyList<T>::priorElem(T t) noexcept(false) {
    Node* p = LNode.next;
    if (p && p->data == t)
        throw logic_error("该元素在第一位,没有前驱!");
    if (p)
        p = p->next;
    while (p) {
        if (p->data == t)
            return p->prior->data;
        p = p->next;
    }
    throw logic_error("没有该元素!");
}

template<typename T>
T MyList<T>::nextElem(T t) noexcept(false) {
    Node* p = LNode.next;
    while (p) {
        if (p->data == t) {
            if (p->next)
                return p->next->data;
            throw invalid_argument("该元素在最后,没有后继!");
        }
        p = p->next;
    }
    throw invalid_argument("该元素没有后继!");
}

template<typename T>
void MyList<T>::add(T t) noexcept {
    size_++;
    Node* node = new Node;
    node->data = t;
    node->prior = rear;
    rear->next = node;
    rear = node;
}

template<typename T>
void MyList<T>::mylistInsert(int index, T t) noexcept(false) {
    if (index < 0 || index > size_ - 1)
        throw domain_error("位置不正确,插入失败!");
    ++size_;
    Node* p = LNode.next;
    int i = 0;
    while (i != index) {
        p = p->next;
        i++;
    }
    Node* node = new Node;
    node->data = t;
    node->next = p;
    node->prior = p->prior;
    p->prior->next = node;
    p->prior = node;
}

template<typename T>
void MyList<T>::mylistDelete(int index) noexcept(false) {

    if (index < 0 || index > size_ - 1)
        throw out_of_range("位置不正确,删除失败!");
    --size_;
    Node* p = LNode.next;
    int i = 0;
    while (i != index) {
        p = p->next;
        i++;
    }
    p->prior->next = p->next;
    if (!p->next)
        rear = p;
    else
        p->next->prior = p->prior;
    delete p;
}

template<typename T>
void MyList<T>::addAsPre(T t) noexcept {
    Node* node = new Node;
    size_++;
    node->data = t;
    node->prior = front;
    if (size_ == 1)
    {
        node->next = nullptr;
        front->next = node;
        rear = node;
        return;
    }
    node->next = front->next;
    front->next->prior = node;
    front->next = node;
}


#endif //TEST_EXPRIMENT3_MYLIST_H

主程序文件

#include <iostream>
#include<memory>
#include "MyList.h"

using namespace std;

template<typename T>
class MyList;

shared_ptr<MyList<int>> p;

void show_menu();

int main() noexcept {
    show_menu();
    int opt;
    while (true) {
        cout << "请输入你的选择:";
        cin >> opt;
        switch (opt) {
        case 1: {
            if (!p)
                p = make_shared<MyList<int>>();
            else
                p->clear();
            cout << "链表已初始化或重置成功!\n";
            break;
        }
        case 2: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "未初始化链表或链表已被销毁。\n";
            else {
                p.reset();
                cout << "链表销毁成功!\n";
            }
            break;
        }
        case 3: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "未初始化链表或链表已被销毁。\n";
            else {
                p->clear();
                cout << "链表清空成功!\n";
            }
            break;
        }
        case 4: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "请先初始化一个链表!\n";
            else
                cout << "链表长度为" << p->size() << endl;
            break;
        }
        case 5: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "请先初始化一个链表!\n";
            else {
                while (true) {
                    try {
                        cout << "请输入位序:";
                        int i = 0;
                        cin >> i;
                        printf_s("位序%d上的元素是%d\n", i, p->operator[](i));
                        break;
                    }
                    catch (const exception& e) {
                        cout << e.what();
                        cout << "\n请重新输入位序!\n";
                    }
                }
            }
            break;
        }
        case 6: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "请先初始化一个链表!\n";
            else {
                cout << "请输入元素:";
                int n = 0;
                cin >> n;
                int index = p->index(n);
                if (index == -1)
                    cout << "不存在元素" << n << endl;
                else
                    printf_s("元素%d的位序是%d\n", n, index);
            }
            break;
        }
        case 7: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "请先初始化一个链表!\n";
            else {
                while (true) {
                    try {
                        cout << "请输入元素:";
                        int n = 0;
                        cin >> n;
                        printf_s("元素%d的前驱是%d\n", n, p->priorElem(n));
                        break;
                    }
                    catch (const exception& e) {
                        cout << e.what();
                        cout << "请重新输入\n";
                    }
                }
            }
            break;
        }
        case 8: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "请先初始化一个链表!\n";
            else {
                while (true) {
                    try {
                        cout << "请输入元素:";
                        int n = 0;
                        cin >> n;
                        printf_s("元素%d的后继是%d\n", n, p->nextElem(n));
                        break;
                    }
                    catch (const exception& e) {
                        cout << e.what();
                        cout << "请重新输入\n";
                    }
                }
            }
            break;
        }
        case 9: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "请先初始化一个链表!\n";
            else {
                try {
                    cout << "请输入位置:";
                    int index = 0;
                    cin >> index;
                    cout << "请输入元素:";
                    int n = 0;
                    cin >> n;
                    p->mylistInsert(index, n);
                    cout << "插入成功!\n";
                }
                catch (const exception& e) {
                    cout << e.what() << endl;
                }
            }
            break;
        }
        case 10: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "请先初始化一个链表!\n";
            else {
                try {
                    cout << "请输入位置:";
                    int index = 0;
                    cin >> index;
                    p->mylistDelete(index);
                    cout << "删除成功!\n";
                }
                catch (const exception& e) {
                    cout << e.what();
                }
            }
            break;
        }
        case 11: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "请先初始化一个链表!\n";
            else {
                cout << "该链表的元素有:";
                for (int i = 0; i < p->size(); ++i)
                    cout << p->operator[](i) << " ";
                cout << endl;
            }
            break;
        }
        case 12: {
            if (!p) {
                p = make_shared<MyList<>>();
                cout << "链表初始化成功,";
            }
            else {
                p->clear();
                cout << "已经清空已初始化的链表,";
            }
            cout << "请选择插入方式:1. 头插法 2. 尾插法" << endl;
            int selection = 0;
            while (selection != 1 && selection != 2) {
                cout << "请输入1或2:";
                cin >> selection;
            }

            cout << "请输入元素(以空格分隔,任意字母结尾,示例:1 2 3 4 5 6 q[ENTER]):";
            int n = 0;
            if (selection == 2)
                while (cin >> n) p->add(n);
            else
                while (cin >> n) p->addAsPre(n);
            cin.clear();
            cin.sync();
            while (cin.peek() != '\n') cin.get();
            cout << "元素添加成功!\n";
            break;
        }
        case 13: {
            if (!p)
                cout << "请先初始化一个链表!";
            else {
                for (int i = 0; i < p->size() / 2; ++i) {
                    int tmp = p->operator[](i);
                    p->operator[](i) = p->operator[](p->size() - 1 - i);
                    p->operator[](p->size() - 1 - i) = tmp;
                }
                cout << "单链表的逆序存放已完成" << endl;
            }
            break;
        }
        case 14:
            system("cls");
            show_menu();
            break;
        default:
            cout << "请输入1-12以内的数!\n";
        }
        cout << endl << endl;
    }
}

void show_menu() {
    std::cout << "可执行的操作有:" << endl;
    cout << "************************************************************\n"
        << "************   1.初始化或重置链表                   ***********\n"
        << "************   2.销毁链表                         ***********\n"
        << "************   3.清空链表                         ***********\n"
        << "************   4.链表长度                         ***********\n"
        << "************   5.指定位置的元素值                   ***********\n"
        << "************   6.链表已存在元素的位序                ***********\n"
        << "************   7.求输入元素的直接前驱                ***********\n"
        << "************   8.求输入元素的直接后继                ***********\n"
        << "************   9.在第i个位置插入一个元素             ***********\n"
        << "************   10.删除第i个元素                    ***********\n"
        << "************   11.输出所有的链表元素                  ***********\n"
        << "************   12.初始化并用头插法(或尾插法)输入元素  ***********\n"
        << "************   13.实现单链表的逆序存放               ***********\n"
        << "************   14.清屏                             ***********\n"
        << "************************************************************\n";
}


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