RabbitMQ-6种队列模式学习

RabbitMQ使用

安装

使用docker一步到位

Java客户端使用

首先导入依赖:amqp-client-5.7.1.jar
连接工具类

import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/*
*@Info :
*@Author:ZuoBro
*@FileName:
*@Date: 2020/12/6
*/
public class RabbitMqConnectionUtil {

    /**
     * 获取RabbitMQ连接
     * @return
     * @throws TimeoutException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static Connection getConnection() throws TimeoutException, IOException {
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("localhost");
        connectionFactory.setUsername("user");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("password");
        return connectionFactory.newConnection();
    }
}
  • Channels(信道)
    链接中的信道信息:Channel是在连接中存在的,一个Connection中可以有多个Channel。在Java代码中 通过连接来创建信道。

  • Exchanges(交换机)
    Exchange作为消费的生产者和消息队列的一个中介,其将Producer生产的消息进行分发给消息队列。在没有使用交换机的简单模式中,实际上则使用的是默认的交换机(AMQP-Default)

  • Queues(消息队列)
    消息队列,在控制台页面中我们在queues页签中我们可以看到服务器端当前的消息队列信息。在java代码中我们需要先对消息队列进行声明后才可以使用。点击某一队列,在队列中我们也可以查看当前队列的消息信息。

6种队列模式

  • 简单模式
  • 工作队列模式Work Queue
  • 发布/订阅模式Publish/Subscribe
  • 路由模式Routing
  • 通配符模式Topics

简单模式模式

Send.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import utils.RabbitMqConnectionUtil;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Send {
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Connection connection = RabbitMqConnectionUtil.getConnection();
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,false,false,false,null);
            int time = 1;
            while (true) {
                String message = String.format("Hello World%s!",time);
                channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
                System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
                time ++;
                if (time > 10) {
                    break;
                }
                Thread.sleep(2000);
            }

            System.out.println("结束发送");
            channel.close();
            connection.close();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Reveiver.java


import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import utils.RabbitMqConnectionUtil;

/**
 * RabbitMQ简单模式  生产者-消费者
 */
public class Receiver {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Connection connection = RabbitMqConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");
        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
        };
        // autoAck = true,会阻塞线程
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {});
    }
}

在简单模式下,生产者发送消息到hello队列,消费者消费消息后从队列删除。

 [x] Sent 'Hello World1!'
 [x] Sent 'Hello World2!'
 [x] Sent 'Hello World3!'
 [x] Sent 'Hello World4!'
 [x] Sent 'Hello World5!'
 [x] Sent 'Hello World6!'
 [x] Sent 'Hello World7!'
 [x] Sent 'Hello World8!'
 [x] Sent 'Hello World9!'
 [x] Sent 'Hello World10!'
结束发送


 [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C
 [x] Received 'Hello World1!'
 [x] Received 'Hello World2!'
 [x] Received 'Hello World3!'
 [x] Received 'Hello World4!'
 [x] Received 'Hello World5!'
 [x] Received 'Hello World6!'
 [x] Received 'Hello World7!'
 [x] Received 'Hello World8!'
 [x] Received 'Hello World9!'
 [x] Received 'Hello World10!'

路由模式

日志信息有这样的简单分类:error,warning,info
我们可能想将error单独处理,其他统一由另一个队列处理,此时我们就可以使用路由模式。

Send.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import utils.RabbitMqConnectionUtil;

/*
*@Info : 路由模式-直接交换
*@Author:ZuoBro
*@FileName:
*@Date: 2020/12/5
*/
public class Send {
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_logs";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Connection connection = RabbitMqConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"direct");
        String[] routingKeys = new String[]{
          "info",
          "warning",
          "error"
        };
        String[] messages = new String[]{
                "This is an information!",
                "This is a warning!",
                "This is an error!"
        };
        for( int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME,routingKeys[i],null,messages[i].getBytes());
            System.out.println(String.format("[x] Sent: {type=%s} => { %s }",routingKeys[i],messages[i]));
        }
    }
}

Receiver1.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import utils.RabbitMqConnectionUtil;

public class Receiver1 {
    /**
     * 接收error
     */
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_logs";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Connection connection = RabbitMqConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"direct");
        // 获取随机队列,非持久,排他,自动删除
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        // 绑定交换机
        channel.queueBind(queueName,EXCHANGE_NAME,"error");

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
            System.out.println(String.format("[x-receiver-1] Received: {RoutingKey=%s} => { %s }",delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey(),message));
        };
        channel.basicConsume(queueName,true,deliverCallback,consumerTag -> {});
    }
}

Receiver2.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import utils.RabbitMqConnectionUtil;

public class Receiver2 {
    /**
     * 接收info/warning/error
     */
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_logs";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Connection connection = RabbitMqConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"direct");
        // 获取随机队列,非持久,排他,自动删除
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        // 绑定交换机
        channel.queueBind(queueName,EXCHANGE_NAME,"info");
        channel.queueBind(queueName,EXCHANGE_NAME,"warning");
        channel.queueBind(queueName,EXCHANGE_NAME,"error");

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
            System.out.println(String.format("[x-receiver-2] Received: {RoutingKey=%s} => { %s }",delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey(),message));
        };
        channel.basicConsume(queueName,true,deliverCallback,consumerTag -> {});
    }
}

结果:

********* Send **************
[x] Sent: {type=info} => { This is an information! }
[x] Sent: {type=warning} => { This is a warning! }
[x] Sent: {type=error} => { This is an error! }

********Receiver1*************
[x-receiver-1] Received: {RoutingKey=error} => { This is an error! }

********Receiver2*************
[x-receiver-2] Received: {RoutingKey=info} => { This is an information! }
[x-receiver-2] Received: {RoutingKey=warning} => { This is a warning! }
[x-receiver-2] Received: {RoutingKey=error} => { This is an error! }


其他模式

参考官网教程:https://www.rabbitmq.com/getstarted.html

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