SpringMVC异步处理

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakarta_Servlet

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1 Servlet 3.0 异步处理

• https://www.jcp.org/en/home/inde
• https://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/jcp/servlet-3.0-mrel-eval-oth-JSpec/servlet-3_0-mrel-spec.pdf

1.1 同步请求流程

在Servlet 3.0之前，Servlet采用Thread-Per-Request的方式处理请求。即每一次Http请求都由某一个线程从头到尾负责处理。

如果一个请求需要进行IO操作，比如访问数据库、调用第三方服务接口等，那么其所对应的线程将同步地等待IO操作完成， 而IO操作是非常慢的，所以此时的线程并不能及时地释放回线程池以供后续使用，在并发量越来越大的情况下，这将带来严重的性能问题。即便是像Spring、Struts这样的高层框架也脱离不了这样的桎梏，因为他们都是建立在Servlet之上的。为了解决这样的问题，Servlet 3.0引入了异步处理，然后在Servlet 3.1中又引入了非阻塞IO来进一步增强异步处理的性能。

1.2 异步请求流程 

/**
 * 1.开启异步处理 asyncSupported=true
 */
// http://localhost:8080/async
@WebServlet(value = "/async", asyncSupported = true)
public class AsyncServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private final HelloService helloService = new HelloService();
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
        System.out.println("thread name is " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        System.out.println("doGet start timestamp=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
        //2.开启异步模式
        AsyncContext asyncContext = req.startAsync();
        //3.业务逻辑进行异步处理（开始）
        asyncContext.start(() -> {
            System.out.println("runnable start timestamp=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
            try {
                String res = helloService.sayHello();
                // 异步处理调用结束
                asyncContext.complete();
                //获取到异步的上下文
                //AsyncContext async = req.getAsyncContext();
                //4.获取响应
                ServletResponse response = asyncContext.getResponse();
                response.getWriter().write(res);
                System.out.println("runnable end timestamp=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
            } catch (IOException ignored) {}
        });
        System.out.println("doGet end timestamp=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }
}

public class HelloService {
    public String sayHello() {
        System.out.println("exe sayHello thread name is " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
        } catch (InterruptedException ignored) {}
        return Thread.currentThread().getName();
    }
}

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.1</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

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2 SpringMVC异步处理

• https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.0.2.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/web.html#mvc-ann-async-processing
• https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/web.html#mvc-ann-async