SpringMVC_国际化_点击国际化

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-15 09:24:54 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-15 09:24:54 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40794973/article/details/98387954

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<spring.version>5.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version>

1 步骤

1、写好国际化资源文件

2、让Spring的ResourceBundleMessageSource管理国际化资源文件

<!--id固定-->
<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
    <!--基础名-->
    <property name="basename" value="loginpage/login"/>
</bean>

3、直接去页面取值

4、按照浏览器带来语言信息决定（现象）

//获取到浏览器的区域信息
Locale locale = request.getLocale();

2 SpringMVC中的区域信息解析器分析

SpringMVC中区域信息是由区域信息解析器得到的，默认会用一个AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver，所有用到区域信息的地方，都是用到AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver获取的

//org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.localeResolver
private LocaleResolver localeResolver;
//org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet#render
Locale locale = this.localeResolver.resolveLocale(request);

public interface LocaleResolver {
	// 获取Locale
	Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request);
	// 设置Locale
	void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, @Nullable HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Locale locale);
}

// org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver#resolveLocale
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
    return request.getLocale();
}

3 点击链接切换国际化

点击链接切换国际化，要求国际化信息能改变

3.1 AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver

AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver，使用请求头的区域信息，不能设置

// org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver#resolveLocale
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
	// 没有用默认
	Locale defaultLocale = getDefaultLocale();
	if (defaultLocale != null && request.getHeader("Accept-Language") == null) {
		return defaultLocale;
	}
	// 请求头中获取Locale
	Locale requestLocale = request.getLocale();
	List<Locale> supportedLocales = getSupportedLocales();
	if (supportedLocales.isEmpty() || supportedLocales.contains(requestLocale)) {
		return requestLocale;
	}
	Locale supportedLocale = findSupportedLocale(request, supportedLocales);
	if (supportedLocale != null) {
		return supportedLocale;
	}
	return (defaultLocale != null ? defaultLocale : requestLocale);
}
// org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver#setLocale
@Override
public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {
	throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Cannot change HTTP accept header - use a different locale resolution strategy");
}

2 FixedLocaleResolver

FixedLocaleResolver，使用系统默认的区域信息

//org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.FixedLocaleResolver#resolveLocale
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
	Locale locale = getDefaultLocale();
	if (locale == null) {
		locale = Locale.getDefault();
	}
	return locale;
}
// org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.FixedLocaleResolver#resolveLocaleContext
@Override
public LocaleContext resolveLocaleContext(HttpServletRequest request) {
	return new TimeZoneAwareLocaleContext() {
		@Override
		@Nullable
		public Locale getLocale() {
			return getDefaultLocale();
		}
		@Override
		public TimeZone getTimeZone() {
			return getDefaultTimeZone();
		}
	};
}
// org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.FixedLocaleResolver#setLocaleContext
@Override
public void setLocaleContext( HttpServletRequest request, @Nullable HttpServletResponse response,@Nullable LocaleContext localeContext) {
	throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Cannot change fixed locale - use a different locale resolution strategy");
}

3 SessionLocaleResolver

SessionLocaleResolver，区域信息是从session中获取，可以根据请求参数创建一个locale对象，把他放在session中

public static final String LOCALE_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE_NAME = SessionLocaleResolver.class.getName() + ".LOCALE";
// org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver#resolveLocale
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
	Locale locale = (Locale) WebUtils.getSessionAttribute(request, this.localeAttributeName);
	if (locale == null) {
		locale = determineDefaultLocale(request);
	}
	return locale;
}

@RequestMapping("/login")
public String toLoginPage(@RequestParam(value = "locale", defaultValue = "zh_CN") String localeStr, Locale locale, HttpSession session) {
    // zh_CN
    Locale l;
    // 如果带了locale参数就用参数指定的区域信息，如果没带就用请求头的
    if (localeStr != null && !"".equals(localeStr)) {
        l = new Locale(localeStr.split("_")[0], localeStr.split("_")[1]);
    } else {
        l = locale;
    }
    // 
    session.setAttribute(SessionLocaleResolver.class.getName() + ".LOCALE", l);
    // 返回登陆页面
    return "login";
}

4 CookieLocaleResolver

// org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.CookieLocaleResolver#resolveLocale
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
	parseLocaleCookieIfNecessary(request);
	return (Locale) request.getAttribute(LOCALE_REQUEST_ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
}

4 代码演示

4.1 国际化资源文件

login_en_US.properties

welcomeinfo=welcome to Xxx.com
username=USERNAME
password=PASSWORD
loginBtn=LOGIN

login_zh_CN.properties

welcomeinfo=欢迎来到Xxx
username=用户名
password=密码
loginBtn=登录

4.2 登录页面

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

<a href="tologinpage">去登陆页面</a>

</body>
</html>

@RequestMapping("/tologinpage")
public String tologinPage(Locale locale, Model model) {
    System.out.println(locale);
    //第一个参数是key、第二次参数是占位符、第三个是区域信息
    String welcomeinfo = messageSource.getMessage("welcomeinfo", null, locale);
    System.out.println(welcomeinfo);
    model.addAttribute("welcomeinfo", welcomeinfo);
    return "login";
}

WEB-INF/pages/login.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<%@taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>
    <!-- 国际化的区域信息是决定国际化显示的因素 -->
    <fmt:message key="welcomeinfo"/>
</h1>
<form action="">
    <fmt:message key="username"/>:<input/><br/>
    <fmt:message key="password"/>:<input/><br/>
    <input type="submit" value="<fmt:message key="loginBtn"/>"/>
</form>
<!-- 如果点击超链接切换国际化 -->
<a href="tologinpage?locale=zh_CN">中文</a>|<a href="tologinpage?locale=en_US">English</a>


</body>
</html>

c）使用SessionLocaleResolver

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">

	<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu"/>
	
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	</bean>
    
	<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
		<property name="basename" value="loginpage/login"/>
	</bean>
    
	<!-- 区域信息从session中拿 -->
	<bean id="localeResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver"/>
	
    <mvc:interceptors>
		<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"/>
	</mvc:interceptors>


    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
</beans>

上面配置的这个拦截器，做的事情就和下面的代码差不多

/**
 * 配置一个拦截器来执行下面的方法
 */
@RequestMapping("/tologinpage02")
public String tologinPage02(@RequestParam(value = "locale", defaultValue = "zh_CN") String localeStr, Locale locale, HttpSession session) {
    // zh_CN
    Locale l;
    // 如果带了locale参数就用参数指定的区域信息，如果没带就用请求头的
    if (localeStr != null && !"".equals(localeStr)) {
        l = new Locale(localeStr.split("_")[0], localeStr.split("_")[1]);
    } else {
        l = locale;
    }
    //
    session.setAttribute(SessionLocaleResolver.class.getName() + ".LOCALE", l);
    return "login";
}

d）自定义区域信息解析器

public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
    /**
     * 解析返回locale
     * zh_CN
     */
    @Override
    public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest req) {
        Locale locale;
        String localeStr = req.getParameter("locale");
        //如果带了locale参数就用参数指定的区域信息
        if (localeStr != null && !"".equals(localeStr)) {
            locale = new Locale(localeStr.split("_")[0], localeStr.split("_")[1]);
        } else {//如果没带就用请求头的
            locale = req.getLocale();
        }
        return locale;
    }
    /**
     * 修改locale
     * 不支持，直接抛异常
     */
    @Override
    public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,
                          Locale arg2) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
                "Cannot change HTTP accept header - use a different locale resolution strategy");
    }
}

SpringMVC配置文件

<!--id固定-->
<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
    <!--基础名-->
    <property name="basename" value="loginpage/login"/>
</bean>
<!--自定义区域信息解析器  -->
<!--id固定，找不到用默认的-->
<bean id="localeResolver" class="com.atguigu.controller.MyLocaleResolver"/>

<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>

@RequestMapping("/tologinpage")
public String tologinPage(Locale locale, Model model) {
    System.out.println(locale);
    //第一个参数是key、第二次参数是占位符、第三个是区域信息
    String welcomeinfo = messageSource.getMessage("welcomeinfo", null, locale);
    System.out.println(welcomeinfo);
    model.addAttribute("welcomeinfo", welcomeinfo);
    return "login";
}

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.1</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>