安装 python 虚拟环境 ＞ pip install virtualenv -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/报错解决办法

安装 python 虚拟环境 > pip install virtualenv -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/报错解决办法

[root@ch02 pip-19.1]#  pip install virtualenv -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
Collecting virtualenv
  Downloading https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/9f/fb/7423637e48cffbb2e567ca113d2b05068f8b457dde998ab487adf7386c86/virtualenv-20.4.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (7.2MB)
     |████▏                           | 942kB 75kB/s eta 0:01:23ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 360, in _error_catcher
    yield
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 442, in read
    data = self._fp.read(amt)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/filewrapper.py", line 62, in read
    data = self.__fp.read(amt)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 447, in read
    n = self.readinto(b)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 491, in readinto
    n = self.fp.readinto(b)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/socket.py", line 589, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 1052, in recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 911, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 178, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 352, in run
    resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/resolve.py", line 131, in resolve
    self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/resolve.py", line 294, in _resolve_one
    abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/resolve.py", line 242, in _get_abstract_dist_for
    self.require_hashes
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 353, in prepare_linked_requirement
    progress_bar=self.progress_bar
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 886, in unpack_url
    progress_bar=progress_bar
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 746, in unpack_http_url
    progress_bar)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 954, in _download_http_url
    _download_url(resp, link, content_file, hashes, progress_bar)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 683, in _download_url
    hashes.check_against_chunks(downloaded_chunks)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/utils/hashes.py", line 62, in check_against_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 651, in written_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/utils/ui.py", line 156, in iter
    for x in it:
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 640, in resp_read
    decode_content=False):
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 494, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 459, in read
    raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/contextlib.py", line 130, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-19.1-py3.7.egg/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 365, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, 'Read timed out.')
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn', port=443): Read timed out.

下载失败：

1.直接将网站复制到浏览器上下载：
https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/9f/fb/7423637e48cffbb2e567ca113d2b05068f8b457dde998ab487adf7386c86/virtualenv-20.4.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl

2.再将此文件上传至虚拟机：

3.进入virtualenv-20.4.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl目标文件夹：

4.执行下面的命令

[root@ch02 software]# pip install virtualenv-20.4.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl 

显示 虚拟环境 安装成功：