剑指OFFER----5、替换空格(js实现)

题目

• 请实现一个函数，将一个字符串中的空格替换成“%20”。例如，当字符串为We Are Happy。则经过替换之后的字符串为We%20Are%20Happy。
• leetcode链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/ti-huan-kong-ge-lcof/

---

官方解法

/**
 * @param {string} s
 * @return {string}
 * 官方解法
 */
var replaceSpace = function(s) {
  const newArrayLen = s.split('').reduce((count, letter) => {
    return count + (letter === ' ' ? 3 : 1)
  }, 0)
  const newArray = new Array(newArrayLen).fill('')
  let newEnd = newArray.length - 1
  let oldEnd = s.length - 1
  while (newEnd > oldEnd) {
    if (s[oldEnd] === ' ') {
      newArray[newEnd--] = '0'
      newArray[newEnd--] = '2'
      newArray[newEnd--] = '%'
    } else {
      newArray[newEnd--] = s[oldEnd]
    }
    oldEnd--
  }
  while (newEnd >= 0) {
    newArray[newEnd--] = s[oldEnd--]
  }
  return newArray.join('')
};

---

解法二：逐位判断

/**
 * @param {string} s
 * @return {string}
 * 直接拼接
 */
var replaceSpace = function(s) {
  let resultStr = ''
  let idx = 0
  for (let i = 0; i < s.length; i++) {
    if (s[i] === ' ') {
      resultStr += '%20'
    } else {
      resultStr += s[i]
    }
  }
  return resultStr
};

---

解法三：正则

var replaceSpace = function(s) {
  return s.replace(/\s/g, '%20');
}

---

解法四：自己实现replaceAll+subString

var replaceSpace = function(s) {
    return replaceAll(s, ' ', '%20')
}

function subString (str, i, j) {
    let result = ''
    for (i; i < j; i++) {
        result += str[i]
    }
    return result
}

function replaceAll(str, before, after) {
    if (before.length > str.length) {
        return str
    }
    let searchLength = before.length
    let result = ''
    for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
        // 匹配到第一个字符
        if (str[i] === before[0]) {
            // 看before长度是否长于剩下的长度
            if (i > str.length - before.length) {
                break
                // 足够长
            } else {
                let compareStr = subString(str, i, i + searchLength)
                if (compareStr === before) {
                    let front = subString(str, 0, i)
                    let end = subString(str, i + searchLength, str.length)
                    str = front + after + end
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return str
}