JavaScript中const、let和var

const关键字

const声明的变量必须 直接初始化且不允许二次赋值，如下代码：

<script type="text/javascript">
	const name="Tom";
	console.log(name);
	name="Tim";//报错：TypeError: invalid assignment to const `name'
	console.log(name);
</script>

let关键字

和var一样，let也用于声明变量，那么var声明的变量和let声明的变量有何不同：

a、全局作用域：let声明的变量不会作为全局对象window的属性，而var声明的变量则可以，如下代码：

<script type="text/javascript">
	let address="河南省郑州市高新区";
	console.log(address);
    console.log(window.address);//undefined
</script>

<script type="text/javascript">
	var address="河南省郑州市高新区";
	console.log(address);
    console.log(window.address);
</script>

 b、函数作用域：和var一样，都用于声明变量，此时两者没有区别：

<script type="text/javascript">
	function print(){
		var address="河南省郑州市高新区";
		console.log(address);
	}
	print();
</script>

<script type="text/javascript">
	function print(){
		let address="河南省郑州市高新区";
		console.log(address);
	}
	print();
</script>

c、语句块作用域：let声明的变量只能用于语句块作用域内，而var声明的变量还可以在语句块作用域外使用

<script type="text/javascript">
	if(true){
		let address="河南省郑州市高新区";
		console.log(address);
	}
	console.log(address);//ReferenceError: address is not defined
</script>

<script type="text/javascript">
	if(true){
		var address="河南省郑州市高新区";
		console.log(address);
	}
	console.log(address);
</script>

d、重复声明：let不能重复声明变量，var则可以

<script type="text/javascript">
	let address="河南省郑州市高新区";
	let address = "吉林省长春市宽平区";
	console.log(address);
</script>
错误信息：
SyntaxError: redeclaration of let address

<script type="text/javascript">
	var address="河南省郑州市高新区";
	var address = "吉林省长春市宽平区";
	console.log(address);//输出：吉林省长春市宽平区
</script>