hadoop3.2.1java操作hdfs报错 HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset

出现错误

20:42:14.012 [main] DEBUG org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell - Failed to detect a valid hadoop home directory
java.io.FileNotFoundException: HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset.
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.checkHadoopHomeInner(Shell.java:468)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.checkHadoopHome(Shell.java:439)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.<clinit>(Shell.java:516)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils.<clinit>(StringUtils.java:78)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache$Key.<init>(FileSystem.java:3482)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache$Key.<init>(FileSystem.java:3477)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache.get(FileSystem.java:3319)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.get(FileSystem.java:479)
	at com.wl.HdfsDemo.init(HdfsDemo.java:32)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
20:42:14.024 [main] WARN org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell - Did not find winutils.exe: {}
java.io.FileNotFoundException: java.io.FileNotFoundException: HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset. -see https://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/WindowsProblems
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.fileNotFoundException(Shell.java:548)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getHadoopHomeDir(Shell.java:569)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getQualifiedBin(Shell.java:592)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.<clinit>(Shell.java:689)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils.<clinit>(StringUtils.java:78)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache$Key.<init>(FileSystem.java:3482)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache$Key.<init>(FileSystem.java:3477)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache.get(FileSystem.java:3319)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.get(FileSystem.java:479)
	at com.wl.HdfsDemo.init(HdfsDemo.java:32)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset.
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.checkHadoopHomeInner(Shell.java:468)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.checkHadoopHome(Shell.java:439)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.<clinit>(Shell.java:516)
	... 29 common frames omitted
20:42:14.069 [main] DEBUG org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell - Failed to find winutils.exe
java.io.FileNotFoundException: java.io.FileNotFoundException: HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset. -see https://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/WindowsProblems
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.fileNotFoundException(Shell.java:548)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getHadoopHomeDir(Shell.java:569)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getQualifiedBin(Shell.java:592)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.<clinit>(Shell.java:689)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils.<clinit>(StringUtils.java:78)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache$Key.<init>(FileSystem.java:3482)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache$Key.<init>(FileSystem.java:3477)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache.get(FileSystem.java:3319)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.get(FileSystem.java:479)
	at com.wl.HdfsDemo.init(HdfsDemo.java:32)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset.
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.checkHadoopHomeInner(Shell.java:468)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.checkHadoopHome(Shell.java:439)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.<clinit>(Shell.java:516)
	... 29 common frames omitted

解决错误

1. 将linux下的hadoop3.2.1.tar.gz的包解压到windows上
2. hadoop.dll复制到C:\Window\System32
3. 把winutils.exe复制到hadoop3.2.1的bin目录下
4. 把%HADOOP_HOME%\bin加入到path里面
   其中hadoop.dll、winutils.exe在github上有