Mongodb安装----＞Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-04 19:09:53 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-04 19:09:53 发布

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分类专栏： MongoDB 文章标签： mongodb 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40859492/article/details/120118430

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本文记录了在Linux上安装MongoDB 5.0的详细步骤，包括下载、解压、配置、启动服务及解决Address already in use错误的过程。在安装过程中，创建数据库目录、配置文件，并对日志文件和数据库目录设置权限。遇到的问题是端口已被占用，通过删除mongodb.lock文件和调整日志文件权限得以解决。

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新手安装Mongodb的一些记录

在开始安装时，选对教程是最重要的哟。首先我个人推荐官方教程，本文主要是结合[官方教程]和自己安装时所遇到一些问题的记录。每个人所遇到的问题可能有一些细微差异，同时本文只是个人的一些记录，如果很巧让你遇到和我相同的问题，能够帮助你也会给本次记录赋予一些意义！！！

MongoDB是什么？

为了不曲解（新手的觉悟），我就直接将官方的介绍贴上来啦^. ^

MongoDB is a document database with the scalability... 
and flexibility that you want with the querying and indexing that you need

安装

在Linux上安装一种服务很多种方式（你们也可以采用其他方式），我自己采用的是下载.tgz文件，然后根据自己的喜好，将其解压在某个目录下，可选择性和灵活性都比较好。

版本：MongoDB 5.0 Enterprise Edition
下载链接->点我，按照如下步骤，选择自己想要的版本。我下载开了vpn几秒就解决了，给你们一个地址吧，提取码：7gqq，不过我只上传了我的版本哈~
下载好了，如图所示
解压

tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-enterprise-ubuntu2004-5.0.2.tgz

cd /usr/local
sudo mkdir mongodb

进入到我们下载好的路径下，移动到我们新建的目录下面

cd ~/下载/mongodb-linux-x86_64-enterprise-ubuntu2004-5.0.2/
sudo mv bin/ /usr/local/mongodb/

还需要做一点准备工作，以免后面出现意想不到的问题

sudo apt-get install libcurl4 libgssapi-krb5-2 libldap-2.4-2 libwrap0 libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit snmp openssl liblzma5

这样我们的基本的环境就算可以了。接下来就是一些配置，由于是我们直接下载的tgz包，因而没有默认的配置文件，我们首先在/etc 建立我们的配置文件，命名为mongodb.conf就可。

cd /etc
sudo touch mongodb.conf

我们就按照官方给的基本配置就好，对于初学者使用足够，后面有需要可以修改就ok~

processManagement:
   fork: true
net:
   bindIp: localhost
   port: 27017
storage:
   dbPath: /var/lib/mongo #根据这个配置，我们需要建立相应的文件路径 数据库目录
systemLog:
   destination: file
   path: "/var/log/mongodb/mongod.log" #同上 日志目录
   logAppend: true
storage:
   journal:
      enabled: true

cd /var/lib
sudo mkdir mongo
cd /var/log/
sudo mkdir mongodb
cd mongodb/
sudo touch mongod.log

安装的步骤基本就OK啦，下面开始启动服务。

使用

遵循官方介绍，我们首先不使用配置文件，直接用命令行来指定参数：

mongod --dbpath /var/lib/mongo --logpath /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log --fork

很简单哈，这里指定了三个参数，数据库路径，日志文件和子进程模式运行。
当然我们既然配置了文件怎么能不用，对吧，直接上代码：

mongod -f /etc/mongodb.conf

上面的两种方式任意一种都可以。

遇到的问题

子进程没等服务启动就当down了，我们看看日志

cd /var/log/mongodb/
sudo vim mongodb.log

问题详情：

{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.026+08:00"},"s":"E",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":20568,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Error setting up listener","attr":{"error":{"code":9001,"codeName":"SocketException","errmsg":"Address already in use"}}}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.026+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"REPL",     "id":4784900, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Stepping down the ReplicationCoordinator for shutdown","attr":{"waitTimeMillis":15000}}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.026+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"COMMAND",  "id":4784901, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the MirrorMaestro"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.026+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"SHARDING", "id":4784902, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the WaitForMajorityService"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.026+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":4784905, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the global connection pool"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.026+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":4784918, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the ReplicaSetMonitor"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.026+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"SHARDING", "id":4784921, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the MigrationUtilExecutor"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"ASIO",     "id":22582,   "ctx":"MigrationUtil-TaskExecutor","msg":"Killing all outstanding egress activity."}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"COMMAND",  "id":4784923, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the ServiceEntryPoint"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":4784925, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down free monitoring"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":4784927, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the HealthLog"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":4784928, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the TTL monitor"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":4784929, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Acquiring the global lock for shutdown"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"-",        "id":4784931, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Dropping the scope cache for shutdown"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"FTDC",     "id":4784926, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down full-time data capture"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":20565,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Now exiting"}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:18:49.027+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":23138,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down","attr":{"exitCode":48}}

exitCode 48，这个问题一般有几种可能：

服务被意外关闭（不正确的方式关闭服务）：
我们到数据库目录下，发现有个mongodb.lock，lock是什么？锁，有了一把锁，如果之前没有被关闭，自然是无法启动，干掉它！

sudo rm -f mongodb.lock

日志文件没有权限，我们打开官方教程，按照他的介绍，是需要给日志文件和数据库设置权限的！！！很重要

sudo chown `whoami` /var/lib/mongo     # Or substitute another user
sudo chown `whoami` /var/log/mongodb   # Or substitute another user

这俩个搞定基本没问题咯
就可以在日志中看到这么一句话（令人兴奋）：Waiting for connections!!!

{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:58:45.674+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":23015,   "ctx":"listener","msg":"Listening on","attr":{"address":"/tmp/mongodb-27017.sock"}}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:58:45.675+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":23015,   "ctx":"listener","msg":"Listening on","attr":{"address":"127.0.0.1"}}
{"t":{"$date":"2021-09-05T11:58:45.675+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":23016,   "ctx":"listener","msg":"Waiting for connections","attr":{"port":27017,"ssl":"off"}}