本质上是DNS的问题
https://www.freecodecamp.org/chinese/news/how-to-flush-dns-on-mac-macos-clear-dns-cache/
MacOS刷新DNS缓存的命令
macOS 12 (Monterey) sudo dscacheutil -flushcache; sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
macOS 11 (Big Sur) sudo dscacheutil -flushcache; sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
macOS 10.15 (Catalina) sudo dscacheutil -flushcache; sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
macOS 10.14 (Mojave) sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
macOS 10.13 (High Sierra) sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
macOS 10.12 (Sierra) sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
OS X 10.11 (El Capitan) sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
OS X 10.10 (Yosemite) sudo discoveryutil udnsflushcaches
OS X 10.9 (Mavericks) sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
OS X 10.8 (Mountain Lion) sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion) sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard) sudo dscacheutil -flushcache
Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard) sudo lookupd -flushcache
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger) lookupd -flushcache
proxy软件会修改Windows的局域网代理设置
Win参考如下:
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/550446124
Mac则是如此:
然后即使关闭proxy,上网也会畅通无阻了