DriverManager : 管理jdbc驱动
Connection: 连接(通过DriverManager产生)
Statement(PreparedStatement) :增删改查 (通过Connection产生 )
CallableStatement : 调用数据库中的 存储过程/存储函数 (通过Connection产生 )
Result :返回的结果集 (上面的Statement等产生 )
Connection产生操作数据库的对象:
Connection产生Statement对象:createStatement()
Connection产生PreparedStatement对象:prepareStatement()
Connection产生CallableStatement对象:prepareCall();
Statement操作数据库:
增删改:executeUpdate()
查询:executeQuery();
ResultSet:保存结果集 select * from xxx
next():光标下移,判断是否有下一条数据;true/false
previous(): true/false
getXxx(字段名|位置):获取具体的字段值
PreparedStatement操作数据库:
public interface PreparedStatement extends Statement
因此
增删改:executeUpdate()
查询:executeQuery();
--此外
赋值操作 setXxx();
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
public class JDBCPreparedStatementDemo {
private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbctest";
private static final String USERNAME = "root";
private static final String PWD = "";
public static void update() {// 增删改
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
try {
// a.导入驱动,加载具体的驱动类
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");// 加载具体的驱动类
// b.与数据库建立连接
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PWD);
/* Statement
// c.发送sql,执行(增删改、查)
stmt = connection.createStatement();
//String sql = "insert into student values(1,'zs',23,'s1')";
// String sql = "update student set STUNAME='ls' where stuno=1";
String sql = "delete from student where stuno=1";
// 执行SQL
int count = stmt.executeUpdate(sql); // 返回值表示 增删改 几条数据
*/
//PreparedStatement
String sql = "insert into student values(?,?,?,?)";
pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql);//预编译
pstmt.setInt(1, 36);
pstmt.setString(2, "zhangsan");
pstmt.setInt(3, 56);
pstmt.setString(4, "s3");
int count =pstmt.executeUpdate() ;
// d.处理结果
if (count > 0) {
System.out.println("操作成功!");
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally {
try {
if(pstmt!=null) pstmt.close();// 对象.方法
if(connection!=null)connection.close();
}catch(SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void query() {
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null ;
try {
// a.导入驱动,加载具体的驱动类
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver");// 加载具体的驱动类
// b.与数据库建立连接
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PWD);
// c.发送sql,执行(增删改、【查】)
Scanner input= new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入用户名:");
String name = input.nextLine() ;
System.out.println("请输入密码:");
String pwd = input.nextLine() ;
// String sql = "select * from student where stuname like '%"+name+"%'";
// String sql = "select * from student where stuname like ?";
String sql ="select count(*) from login where uname= ? and upwd =?";
pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql) ;
pstmt.setString(1, name);
pstmt.setString(2, pwd);
// String sql = "select stuno,stuname from student";
// 执行SQL(增删改executeUpdate(),查询executeQuery())
rs = pstmt.executeQuery(); // 返回值表示 增删改 几条数据
// d.处理结果
// while(rs.next()) {
// int sno = rs.getInt( "stuno") ;
// String sname = rs.getString("stuname") ;
int sno = rs.getInt(1) ; //下标:从1开始计数
String sname = rs.getString(2) ;
// System.out.println(sno+"--"+sname);
// }
int count = -1;
if(rs.next()) {
count = rs.getInt(1) ;
}
if(count>0) {
System.out.println("登陆成功!");
}else {
System.out.println("登陆失败!");
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("111");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally {
try {
if(rs!=null) rs.close();
if(pstmt!=null) pstmt.close();// 对象.方法
if(connection!=null)connection.close();
}catch(SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// update() ;
query() ;
}
}
PreparedStatement与Statement在使用时的区别:
1.Statement:
sql
executeUpdate(sql)
2.
PreparedStatement:
sql(可能存在占位符?)
在创建PreparedStatement 对象时,将sql预编译 prepareStatement(sql)
executeUpdate()
setXxx()替换占位符?
推荐使用PreparedStatement:原因如下:
1.编码更加简便(避免了字符串的拼接)
String name = "zs" ;
int age = 23 ;
stmt:
String sql =" insert into student(stuno,stuname) values('"+name+"', "+age+" ) " ;
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
pstmt:
String sql =" insert into student(stuno,stuname) values(?,?) " ;
pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql);//预编译SQL
pstmt.setString(1,name);
pstmt.setInt(2,age);
2.提高性能(因为 有预编译操作,预编译只需要执行一次)
需要重复增加100条数
stmt:
String sql =" insert into student(stuno,stuname) values('"+name+"', "+age+" ) " ;
for(100)
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
pstmt:
String sql =" insert into student(stuno,stuname) values(?,?) " ;
pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql);//预编译SQL
pstmt.setString(1,name);
pstmt.setInt(2,age);
for( 100){
pstmt.executeUpdate();
}
3.安全(可以有效防止sql注入)
sql注入: 将客户输入的内容 和 开发人员的SQL语句 混为一体
stmt:存在被sql注入的风险
(例如输入 用户名:任意值 ' or 1=1 --
密码:任意值)
分析:
select count(*) from login where uname='任意值 ' or 1=1 --' and upwd ='任意值' ;
select count(*) from login where uname='任意值 ' or 1=1 ;
select count(*) from login ;
select count(*) from login where uname='"+name+"' and upwd ='"+pwd+"'
pstmt:有效防止sql注入
推荐使用pstmt