Dell服务器RAID常用管理命令总结

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-09 02:56:55 发布

寰宇001

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-09 02:56:55 发布

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分类专栏：运维硬件/交换机/路由器/防火墙/自动化/虚拟化/rsync同步文章标签： linux 测试工具

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介绍

MegaCli是一款管理维护硬件RAID软件，可以通过它来了解当前raid卡的所有信息，包括 raid卡的型号，raid的阵列类型，raid 上各磁盘状态，等等。通常，我们对硬盘当前的状态不太好确定，一般通过机房人员巡检来完成，有没有通过软件的方式来检查确定这个问题呢。MegaCli就可以做到，一般通过 MegaCli 的Media Error Count: 0 Other Error Count: 0 这两个数值来确定阵列中磁盘是否有问题；Medai Error Count 表示磁盘可能错误，可能是磁盘有坏道，这个值不为0值得注意，数值越大，危险系数越高，Other Error Count 表示磁盘可能存在松动，可能需要重新再插入。

下载MegCli,目前针对公司DB数据库是IBM的服务器，直接从IBM官方下载，如果
其它服务器的，使用各官方下载或者 LSI网站上进行相关下载。一般来说，是通用的。这个包适用32 /64位操作系统平台

Dell服务器常用管理命令总结
准备
新版本的 MegaCli-1.01.24-0.i386.rpm 会把程序安装在/opt下，可以自定义安装目录，例如：
rpm --relocate /opt/=/usr/sbin/ -i MegaCli-1.01.24-0.i386.rpm
即把安装目录 /opt 替换成 /usr/sbin。

下载地址：http://www.lsi.com/downloads/Public/MegaRAID%20Common%20Files/8.02.16_MegaCLI.zip ;
(linux文件夹下有个MegaCli文件里面有I386 RPM）
ftp://download2.boulder.ibm.com/ecc/sar/CMA/XSA/ibm_utl_sraidmr_megacli-8.00.48_linux_32-64.zip

raid卡的盘有4种基本状态

Failed  基本无救，联系dell保修。

Online  正常装填。

Foreign   逻辑有错误，这个盘未识别，解决方法：从硬盘重新导入raid卡的逻辑数据。

Unconfigd 第一种情况就是这个盘没有配置在raid中，第二种情况就是逻辑有错误，这个盘未识别。解决方法：从硬盘重新导入raid卡的逻辑数据。第一种情况下，重新从硬盘导入逻辑数据也没办法，第二种情况下是可以的。

注意：

spans值 1,2,3,4做raid0，八块盘做raid1形成1、2、3、4

Drive's position: DiskGroup: 0, Span: 0, Arm: 1

如果盘坏在不同的raid1上，就可以，如果坏在相同的raid1上数据就完了，所以最大可以坏4块盘。

PD值 0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7

RAID级别和对应硬盘数量

RAID0                       至少2块盘
RAID1                       至少2块盘(空间利用率 ：1/2)     
RAID5                       至少需要2块盘(空间利用率 ：1/2)        
RAID10                      至少需要4块盘 (空间利用率 ：1/2)    
RAID01                      至少需要4块盘(空间利用率 ：1/2)            
RAID50                      至少需要6块盘 空间利用率 ：(n-2)/n

Raid 0：一块硬盘或者以上就可做raid0

Raid 1：至少2快硬盘可做raid1
RAID 4 3块盘

Raid5 : 至少需要3块硬盘raid5

Raid6 : 至少需要4块硬盘做raid6

Raid10 : 至少需要4快硬盘。raid10是2快硬盘组成raid1,2组raid1组成raid0,所以必须需要4块硬盘。

注意： 4盘的raid5,只允许单盘故障，

先做条带化，后做镜像

0表示条带，1表示镜像
硬RAID与软RAID的区别：

　　硬RAID：通过用硬件来实现RAID功能的就是硬RAID，比如：各种RAID卡，还有主板集成能够做的RAID都是硬RAID。
　　软RAID：通过用操作系统来完成RAID功能的就是软RAID，比如：在Linux操作系统下，用3块硬盘做的RAID5。

RAID识别方式 : IDE、SATA、USB、SCSI、SAS
主流的RAID级别有，0、1、5、10等。数字越高，其安全等级越高，防止数据丢失能力越强

查看机器型号    # dmidecode | grep "Product"
查看厂商    # dmidecode| grep  "Manufacturer"
查看序列号    # dmidecode | grep  "Serial Number"
查看CPU信息    # dmidecode | grep  "CPU"
查看CPU个数    # dmidecode | grep  "Socket Designation: CPU" |wc –l
查看出厂日期    # dmidecode | grep "Date"
查看充电状态    # MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL |grep "Charger Status"
显示BBU状态信息    # MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus –aALL
显示BBU容量信息    # MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo –aALL
显示BBU设计参数    # MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo –aALL
显示当前BBU属性    # MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties –aALL
查看充电进度百分比    # MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL |grep "Relative State of Charge"
查询Raid阵列数    # MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL |grep "Number of DISK GROUPS:"
显示Raid卡型号，Raid设置，Disk相关信息      # MegaCli -cfgdsply –aALL
显示所有物理信息    # MegaCli -PDList -aALL
显示所有逻辑磁盘组信息    # MegaCli -LDInfo -LALL –aAll
查看物理磁盘重建进度(重要)    # MegaCli -PDRbld -ShowProg -PhysDrv [1:5] -a0
查看适配器个数    #MegaCli –adpCount
查看适配器时间    #MegaCli -AdpGetTime –aALL
显示所有适配器信息    #MegaCli -AdpAllInfo –aAll
查看Cache 策略设置    # MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL |grep Polic
检测raid是否有降级：
MegaCli -AdpAllInfo -aALL -NoLog | grep "Degraded"
  Degraded        : 0 
检测是否有坏盘
MegaCli -AdpAllInfo -aALL -NoLog | grep "Failed Disks" 
  Failed Disks    : 0

命令使用：

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDInfo -Lall -aALL         查raid级别
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpAllInfo -aALL         查raid卡信息
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -aALL               查看硬盘信息
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -aAll         查看电池信息
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -FwTermLog -Dsply -aALL         查看raid卡日志
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -adpCount               【显示适配器个数】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpGetTime –aALL         【显示适配器时间】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpAllInfo -aAll            【显示所有适配器信息】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDInfo -LALL -aAll         【显示所有逻辑磁盘组信息】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -aAll         【显示所有的物理信息】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL |grep ‘Charger Status’         【查看充电状态】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL        【显示BBU状态信息】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo -aALL   【显示BBU容量信息】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo -aALL     【显示BBU设计参数】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties -aALL      【显示当前BBU属性】
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -cfgdsply -aALL         【显示Raid卡型号，Raid设置，Disk相关信息】

磁带状态的变化，从拔盘，到插盘的过程中。

Device |Normal|Damage|Rebuild|Normal
Virtual Drive |Optimal|Degraded|Degraded|Optimal
Physical Drive |Online|Failed –> Unconfigured|Rebuild|Online

查看磁盘缓存策略

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -Cache -L0 -a0
or
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -Cache -L1 -a0
or
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -Cache -LALL -a0
ro
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -Cache -LALL -aALL
ro
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -DskCache -LALL -aALL

设置磁盘缓存策略
缓存策略解释：

WT (Write through
WB (Write back)
NORA (No read ahead)
RA (Read ahead)
ADRA (Adaptive read ahead)
Cached
Direct
例子：
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDSetProp WT|WB|NORA|RA|ADRA -L0 -a0
or
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDSetProp -Cached|-Direct -L0 -a0
or
enable / disable disk cache

创建RAID阵列

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDSetProp -EnDskCache|-DisDskCache -L0 -a0
6.创建一个 raid5 阵列，由物理盘 2,3,4 构成，该阵列的热备盘是物理盘 5
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -CfgLdAdd -r5 [1:2,1:3,1:4] WB Direct -Hsp[1:5] -a0
7.创建阵列，不指定热备
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -CfgLdAdd -r5 [1:2,1:3,1:4] WB Direct -a0
8.删除阵列
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -CfgLdDel -L1 -a0
9.在线添加磁盘
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDRecon -Start -r5 -Add -PhysDrv[1:4] -L1 -a0
10.阵列创建完后，会有一个初始化同步块的过程，可以看看其进度。
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDInit -ShowProg -LALL -aALL
或者以动态可视化文字界面显示
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDInit -ProgDsply -LALL -aALL
11.查看阵列后台初始化进度
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDBI -ShowProg -LALL -aALL
或者以动态可视化文字界面显示
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDBI -ProgDsply -LALL -aALL
12.指定第 5 块盘作为全局热备
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDHSP -Set [-EnclAffinity] [-nonRevertible] -PhysDrv[1:5] -a0
13.指定为某个阵列的专用热备
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDHSP -Set [-Dedicated [-Array1]] [-EnclAffinity] [-nonRevertible] -PhysDrv[1:5] -a0
14.删除全局热备
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDHSP -Rmv -PhysDrv[1:5] -a0
15.将某块物理盘下线/上线
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDOffline -PhysDrv [1:4] -a0
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDOnline -PhysDrv [1:4] -a0
16.查看物理磁盘重建进度
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDRbld -ShowProg -PhysDrv [1:5] -a0
或者以动态可视化文字界面显示
#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDRbld -ProgDsply -PhysDrv [1:5] -a0

磁带状态的变化，从拔盘，到插盘的过程中：
Device |Normal|Damage|Rebuild|Normal
Virtual Drive |Optimal|Degraded|Degraded|Optimal
Physical Drive |Online|Failed –> Unconfigured|Rebuild|Online

1、查看所有物理磁盘信息

MegaCli -PDList -aALL

Adapter #0

Enclosure Number: 1
Slot Number: 5
Device Id: 5
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 0
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0
Raw Size: 140014MB [0x11177328 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 139502MB [0x11077328 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 139392MB [0x11040000 Sectors]
Firmware state: Hotspare
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c50008e5cca9
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST3146855SS     S5273LN4Y1X0

2、查看磁盘缓存策略

MegaCli -LDGetProp -Cache -L0 -a0

Adapter 0-VD 0: Cache Policy:WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct
 
or
MegaCli -LDGetProp -Cache -L1 -a0

Adapter 0-VD 1: Cache Policy:WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct
 
or
MegaCli -LDGetProp -Cache -LALL -a0

Adapter 0-VD 0: Cache Policy:WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct
Adapter 0-VD 1: Cache Policy:WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct
 
or
MegaCli -LDGetProp -Cache -LALL -aALL

Adapter 0-VD 0: Cache Policy:WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct
Adapter 0-VD 1: Cache Policy:WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct
 
or
MegaCli -LDGetProp -DskCache -LALL -aALL

Adapter 0-VD 0: Disk Write Cache : Disk's Default
Adapter 0-VD 1: Disk Write Cache : Disk's Default

3、设置磁盘缓存策略

缓存策略解释：
WT    (Write through
WB    (Write back)
NORA  (No read ahead)
RA    (Read ahead)
ADRA  (Adaptive read ahead)
Cached
Direct
 
例子：
MegaCli -LDSetProp WT|WB|NORA|RA|ADRA -L0 -a0
 
or
MegaCli -LDSetProp -Cached|-Direct -L0 -a0
 
or
enable / disable disk cache
MegaCli -LDSetProp -EnDskCache|-DisDskCache -L0 -a0

4、创建/删除阵列

4.1 创建一个 raid5 阵列，由物理盘 2,3,4 构成，该阵列的热备盘是物理盘 5
MegaCli -CfgLdAdd -r5 [1:2,1:3,1:4] WB Direct -Hsp[1:5] -a0
 
4.2 创建阵列，不指定热备
MegaCli -CfgLdAdd -r5 [1:2,1:3,1:4] WB Direct -a0
 
4.3 删除阵列
MegaCli -CfgLdDel -L1 -a0
 
4.4 在线添加磁盘
MegaCli -LDRecon -Start -r5 -Add -PhysDrv[1:4] -L1 -a0
意思是，重建逻辑磁盘组1，raid级别是5，添加物理磁盘号：1:4。重建完后，新添加的物理磁盘会自动处于重建(同步)状态，这个 时候 fdisk -l是看不到阵列的空间变大的，只有在系统重启后才能看见。

5、查看阵列初始化信息
5.1 阵列创建完后，会有一个初始化同步块的过程，可以看看其进度。

MegaCli -LDInit -ShowProg -LALL -aALL

或者以动态可视化文字界面显示

MegaCli -LDInit -ProgDsply -LALL -aALL

5.2 查看阵列后台初始化进度

MegaCli -LDBI -ShowProg -LALL -aALL

或者以动态可视化文字界面显示

MegaCli -LDBI -ProgDsply -LALL -aALL

6、创建全局热备
指定第 5 块盘作为全局热备

MegaCli -PDHSP -Set [-EnclAffinity] [-nonRevertible] -PhysDrv[1:5] -a0

也可以指定为某个阵列的专用热备

MegaCli -PDHSP -Set [-Dedicated [-Array1]] [-EnclAffinity] [-nonRevertible] -PhysDrv[1:5] -a0

7、删除全局热备

MegaCli -PDHSP -Rmv -PhysDrv[1:5] -a0

8、将某块物理盘下线/上线

MegaCli -PDOffline -PhysDrv [1:4] -a0
 
MegaCli -PDOnline -PhysDrv [1:4] -a0

9、查看物理磁盘重建进度

MegaCli -PDRbld -ShowProg -PhysDrv [1:5] -a0

查看raid 电池状态

查看当前raid缓存状态，raid缓存状态设置为wb的话要注意电池放电事宜，设置电池放电模式为自动学习模式
/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64   -ldgetprop  -dskcache -lall  -aall

  raid 电池设置相关
查看电池状态信息(Display BBU Status Information)
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL

查看电池容量（Display BBU Capacity Information）
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo –aALL

查看电池设计参数(Display BBU Design Parameters)
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo –aALL

查看电池属性（Display Current BBU Properties）
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties –aALL

设置电池为学习模式为循环模式（Start BBU Learning Cycle）
Description Starts the learning cycle on the BBU.
No parameter is needed for this option.
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -BbuLearn -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

设置磁盘的缓存模式和访问方式 （Change Virtual Disk Cache and Access Parameters）
Description Allows you to change the following virtual disk parameters:
-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead): Selects read policy.
-Cached, -Direct: Selects cache policy.
-RW, -RO, Blocked: Selects access policy.
-EnDskCache: Enables disk cache.
-DisDskCache: Disables disk cache.
MegaCli -LDSetProp { WT | WB|NORA |RA | ADRA|-Cached|Direct} |
{-RW|RO|Blocked} |
{-Name[string]} |
{-EnDskCache|DisDskCache} –Lx |
-L0,1,2|-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -LDSetProp WT -L0 -a0

显示磁盘缓存和访问方式（Display Virtual Disk Cache and Access Parameters）
MegaCli -LDGetProp -Cache | -Access | -Name | -DskCache -Lx|-L0,1,2|
-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
Displays the cache and access policies of the virtual disk(s):
-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead): Selects read policy.
-Cache, -Cached, Direct: Displays cache policy.
-Access, -RW, -RO, Blocked: Displays access policy.
-DskCache: Displays physical disk cache policy.

Megaraid 必知必会 使用LSI的megaraid可以对raid进行有效监控。别的厂商比如HP,IBM也有自己的raid API
MegaCli -ldinfo -lall -aall
查询raid级别，磁盘数量，容量，条带大小。
MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL |grep Policy
查询控制器cache策略
MegaCli -LDSetProp WB -L0 -a0
设置write back功能
MegaCli -LDSetProp CachedBadBBU -L0 -a0
设置即使电池坏了还是保持WB功能
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -BbuLearn a0
手动充电
MegaCli -FwTermLog -Dsply -aALL 
查询日志

显示适配器个数： MegaCli -adpCount

显示所有适配器信息： MegaCli -AdpAllInfo -aAll
Critical Disks : 0 
Failed Disks : 0 

显示所有逻辑磁盘组信息： MegaCli -LDInfo -LALL -aAll
显示所有的物理信息： MegaCli -PDList -aAll
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0

查看充电状态： MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL
Learn Cycle Requested : No
Fully Charged : Yes

显示BBU(后备电池)状态信息： MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL
显示BBU容量信息： MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo -aALL
显示BBU设计参数： MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo -aALL
显示当前BBU属性： MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties -aALL
显示Raid卡型号，Raid设置，Disk相关信息： MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL
查看Cache 策略设置： MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL |grep -i Policy
Current Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct, Write Cache OK if Bad BBU
查看充电进度百分比： MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL 

各种设备和磁盘的不同状态：
Device |Normal|Damage|Rebuild|Normal
Virtual Drive |Optimal|Degraded|Degraded|Optimal
Physical Drive |Online|Failed –> Unconfigured|Rebuild|Online

通过脚本检测RAID 磁盘状态

Linux下脚本

#!/bin/bash
#check raid disk status
MEGACLI="/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 "
$MEGACLI -pdlist -aALL  | grep "Firmware state" | awk -F : '{print $2}' | awk -F , '{print $1}' >/tmp/fireware.log
$MEGACLI -pdlist -aALL  | grep -E "Media Error|Other Error" | awk -F : '{print $2}' >/tmp/disk.log
for i in `cat < /tmp/disk.log`
do
if [ $i -ne 0 ]
        then
curl "http://xxxxxxB&state=ALARM&description=raid_disk_error"
fi
done
for i in `cat < /tmp/fireware.log`
do
if [ $i !=  Online ]
        then
curl "http://xxxxxxstate=ALARM&description=raid_disk_offline"
fi
done

CentOS安装megacli

yum install megacli -y  
查看Raid卡信息
megacli -LDInfo -Lall -aALL 
查看硬盘信息：
megacli -PDList -aALL

查看Raid卡信息

[root@ robin]# megacli -LDInfo -Lall -aALL 
                                     
OSSpecificInitialize: Failed to load libsysfs.so.2.0.2 Please ensure that libsfs is present in the system.
The dependent library libsysfs.so.2.0.1 not available. Please contact LSI for distribution of the package

Adapter 0 -- Virtual Drive Information:
Virtual Drive: 0 (Target Id: 0)
Name                :
RAID Level          : Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0
Size                : 930.5 GB
Mirror Data         : 930.5 GB
State               : Optimal  <<<< 这是正常的状态。

Strip Size          : 64 KB
Number Of Drives per span:2  <<<< RAID组包含2块磁盘（但实际是4块500G的SSD做Raid10）。

Span Depth          : 2 <<<< 深度若是1，说明实际只是RAID 1。2表示可以是RAID 10

Default Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAdaptive, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU
Current Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAdaptive, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU
Default Access Policy: Read/Write
Current Access Policy: Read/Write
Disk Cache Policy   : Disk's Default
Ongoing Progresses:
  Background Initialization: Completed 41%, Taken 190 min.
Encryption Type     : None
Default Power Savings Policy: Controller Defined
Current Power Savings Policy: None
Can spin up in 1 minute: No
LD has drives that support T10 power conditions: No
LD's IO profile supports MAX power savings with cached writes: No
Bad Blocks Exist: No
Is VD Cached: No

在这里插入图片描述
查看硬盘信息：

[root@localhost ~]# megacli -PDList -aALL
###有如下样式的几段，说明实际有几块硬盘（下面是一块500G的SSD的信息）
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 3
Drive's postion: DiskGroup: 0, Span: 1, Arm: 1
Enclosure position: 0
Device Id: 3
WWN: 50025388A0061518
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 0
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0
PD Type: SATA
Raw Size: 465.761 GB [0x3a386030 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 465.261 GB [0x3a286030 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 465.25 GB [0x3a280000 Sectors]
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Device Firmware Level: BB0Q
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on :  N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x4433221107000000
Connected Port Number: 3(path0) 
Inquiry Data: S1DHNSADA04008B     Samsung SSD 840 EVO 500GB               EXT0BB0Q
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None 
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Media Type: Solid State Device
Drive:  Not Certified
Drive Temperature :32C (89.60 F)
PI Eligibility:  No 
Drive is formatted for PI information:  No
PI: No PI
Drive's write cache : Disabled
Drive's NCQ setting : Disabled
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No

备注：

RAID型号对应表信息如下：

RAID Level        : Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0"         #代表Raid 1

RAID Level        : Primary-0, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0"         #代表Raid 0

RAID Level        : Primary-5, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-3"         #代表Raid 5

RAID Level        : Primary-1, Secondary-3, RAID Level Qualifier-0"         #代表Raid10

命令行模式举例如下:

lsiutil –p1 –a 21,1,0,0,0       和上边菜单操作一样，只不过不用手动去选择菜单项了

lsiutil -p 1 -i –s 显示端口1的设置和连接的设备

lsiutil –s 显示所有端口上连接的设备

lsiutil -p 2 -l 1 强制HBA卡端口2连接速度为1Gb

案例：

1、MegaCli操作1—创建与删除raid0
服务器DELL R710加硬盘，准备在线做raid。
用MegaCli做阵列，最重要是就是这三个系数：
Adapter #0
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 0

分别代表了 -PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1,…] -aN #物理磁盘的 enclosure号:slot号 -a是阵列卡号

这些参数可以通过下面的命令得到。

查看阵列卡信息

lspci -v
/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpAllInfo -aALL

查看所有物理硬盘状态

/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -a0  

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help |grep -i pdinfo
MegaCli -pdInfo -PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1,...] -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL  
MegaCli -LdPdInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

查看逻辑盘详细信息

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LdPdInfo -aALL

查看单个盘的详细信息

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -pdInfo -PhysDrv[32:3] -aALL                                    
Adapter 0: Device at Enclosure - 32, Slot - 3 is not found.

像我新增加的硬盘就是 [32:2]
在这里插入图片描述

这里我的硬盘被标记为“Foreign”外来配置，要清除一下，不然会报下面这个错误：

The specified physical disk does not have the appropriate attributes to complete 
the requested command.

Exit Code: 0x26

扫描外来配置的个数：

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -cfgforeign -scan -a0       
                                     
There are 1 foreign configuration(s) on controller 0.

Exit Code: 0x00

清除外来配置：

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -cfgforeign -clear -a0
                                     
Foreign configuration 0 is cleared on controller 0.

Exit Code: 0x00

再次扫描外来配置的个数：

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -cfgforeign -scan -a0 
                                     
There is no foreign configuration on controller 0.

Exit Code: 0x00

创建Raid0

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -CfgLdAdd -r0[32:2] WB Direct -a0
                                     
Adapter 0: Created VD 2

Adapter 0: Configured the Adapter!!

Exit Code: 0x00

在这里插入图片描述
删除阵列：

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli6  -cfgclr  -a0       清除所有的raid组的配置

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli6  -cfglddel  -L0 -a0  删除指定的raid组(Target Id: 0)的raid组，可以通过上面的“查看逻辑盘详细信息”得到。

查看硬盘的重建情况：

# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDRbld -ProgDsply -PhysDrv [12:7] -aALL
Device(Encl-12 Slot-7) is not in rebuild process

2、MegaCli使用方法
查看磁盘使用情况

[root@ ~]# MegaCli -PDList -Aall  

Enclosure Device ID: 32

Slot Number: 0

Enclosure position: 0

Device Id: 0

Sequence Number: 2

Media Error Count: 0

Other Error Count: 0

Predictive Failure Count: 0

Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0

PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 931.512 GB [0x74706db0 Sectors]

Non Coerced Size: 931.012 GB [0x74606db0 Sectors]

Coerced Size: 931.0 GB [0x74600000 Sectors]

Firmware state: Online, Spun Up   在线

Enclosure Device ID: 32

Slot Number: 1

Enclosure position: 0

Device Id: 1

Sequence Number: 2

Media Error Count: 0

Other Error Count: 0

Predictive Failure Count: 0

Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0

PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 931.512 GB [0x74706db0 Sectors]

Non Coerced Size: 931.012 GB [0x74606db0 Sectors]

Coerced Size: 931.0 GB [0x74600000 Sectors]

Firmware state: Online, Spun Up

SAS Address(0): 0x5000c500586e6559

Enclosure Device ID: 32

Slot Number: 2

Enclosure position: 0

Device Id: 2

Sequence Number: 3

Media Error Count: 0

Other Error Count: 0

Predictive Failure Count: 0

Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0

PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 1.819 TB [0xe8e088b0 Sectors]

Non Coerced Size: 1.818 TB [0xe8d088b0 Sectors]

Coerced Size: 1.818 TB [0xe8d00000 Sectors]

Firmware state: Unconfigured(good), Spun Up  安装了磁盘，但是没有使用

Enclosure Device ID: 32

Slot Number: 3

Enclosure position: 0

Device Id: 3

Sequence Number: 3

Media Error Count: 0

Other Error Count: 0

Predictive Failure Count: 0

Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0

PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 1.819 TB [0xe8e088b0 Sectors]

Non Coerced Size: 1.818 TB [0xe8d088b0 Sectors]

Coerced Size: 1.818 TB [0xe8d00000 Sectors]

Firmware state: Unconfigured(good), Spun Up  安装了磁盘，但是没有使用

2块2T磁盘使用MegaCli做raid0

[root@ZAMPDMP-08 ~]# MegaCli -CfgLdAdd -r0  [32:2,32:3] WB Direct -a0

Adapter 0: Created VD 1

Adapter 0: Configured the Adapter!!

Exit Code: 0x00

单块4T磁盘做raid0

对7号槽的单块4T硬盘做raid0

MegaCli -CfgLdAdd -r0 [32:6] WB Direct -a0

单块盘要么调整raid 为jbod模式
要么就做成raid0 才能作为单块盘使用
无实际意义
只是raid卡的限制

查看raid

[root@ZAMPDMP-08 ~]# MegaCli -LdPdInfo -aALL Adapter #0

Number of Virtual Disks: 2

Virtual Drive: 0 (Target Id: 0) 第一个raid，包括slot 0,1，对应插槽0和1，级别raid0

Name                :

RAID Level          : Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0

Size                : 931.0 GB

State               : Optimal

Strip Size          : 64 KB

Number Of Drives    : 2

Span Depth          : 1

Default Cache Policy: WriteThrough, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU

Current Cache Policy: WriteThrough, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU

Access Policy       : Read/Write

Disk Cache Policy   : Disk's Default

Encryption Type     : None

Default Power Savings Policy: Controller Defined

Current Power Savings Policy: None

Can spin up in 1 minute: Yes

LD has drives that support T10 power conditions: Yes

LD's IO profile supports MAX power savings with cached writes: No

Bad Blocks Exist: No

Number of Spans: 1

Span: 0 - Number of PDs: 2

PD: 0 Information

Enclosure Device ID: 32

Slot Number: 0

Enclosure position: 0

Device Id: 0

Sequence Number: 2

Media Error Count: 0

Other Error Count: 0

Predictive Failure Count: 0

Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0

PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 931.512 GB [0x74706db0 Sectors]

Non Coerced Size: 931.012 GB [0x74606db0 Sectors]

Coerced Size: 931.0 GB [0x74600000 Sectors]

Firmware state: Online, Spun Up

SAS Address(0): 0x5000c500586e2169

SAS Address(1): 0x0

Connected Port Number: 0(path0) 

Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST1000NM0023    GS0DZ1W1SRX0            

FDE Capable: Not Capable

FDE Enable: Disable

Secured: Unsecured

Locked: Unlocked

Needs EKM Attention: No

Foreign State: None 

Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 

Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 

Media Type: Hard Disk Device

Drive Temperature :37C (98.60 F)

PD: 1 Information

Enclosure Device ID: 32

Slot Number: 1

Enclosure position: 0

Device Id: 1

Sequence Number: 2

Media Error Count: 0

Other Error Count: 0

Predictive Failure Count: 0

Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0

PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 931.512 GB [0x74706db0 Sectors]

Non Coerced Size: 931.012 GB [0x74606db0 Sectors]

Coerced Size: 931.0 GB [0x74600000 Sectors]

Firmware state: Online, Spun Up

SAS Address(0): 0x5000c500586e6559

SAS Address(1): 0x0

Connected Port Number: 1(path0) 

Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST1000NM0023    GS0DZ1W1SQS1            

FDE Capable: Not Capable

FDE Enable: Disable

Secured: Unsecured

Locked: Unlocked

Needs EKM Attention: No

Foreign State: None 

Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 

Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 

Media Type: Hard Disk Device

Drive Temperature :38C (100.40 F)

Virtual Drive: 1 (Target Id: 1) 第二个raid，包括slot 2,3，对应插槽2和4、3，级别raid0

Name                :

RAID Level          : Primary-0, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0

Size                : 3.637 TB

State               : Optimal

Strip Size          : 64 KB

Number Of Drives    : 2

Span Depth          : 1

Default Cache Policy: WriteThrough, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU

Current Cache Policy: WriteThrough, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU

Access Policy       : Read/Write

Disk Cache Policy   : Disk's Default

Encryption Type     : None

Default Power Savings Policy: Controller Defined

Current Power Savings Policy: None

Can spin up in 1 minute: Yes

LD has drives that support T10 power conditions: No

LD's IO profile supports MAX power savings with cached writes: No

Bad Blocks Exist: No

Number of Spans: 1

Span: 0 - Number of PDs: 2

PD: 0 Information

Enclosure Device ID: 32

Slot Number: 2

Enclosure position: 0

Device Id: 2

Sequence Number: 4

Media Error Count: 0

Other Error Count: 0

Predictive Failure Count: 0

Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0

PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 1.819 TB [0xe8e088b0 Sectors]

Non Coerced Size: 1.818 TB [0xe8d088b0 Sectors]

Coerced Size: 1.818 TB [0xe8d00000 Sectors]

Firmware state: Online, Spun Up

SAS Address(0): 0x5000c50055f63469

SAS Address(1): 0x0

Connected Port Number: 2(path0) 

Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST32000645SS    RS12Z1K0ESPZ            

FDE Capable: Not Capable

FDE Enable: Disable

Secured: Unsecured

Locked: Unlocked

Needs EKM Attention: No

Foreign State: None 

Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 

Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 

Media Type: Hard Disk Device

Drive Temperature :42C (107.60 F)

PD: 1 Information

Enclosure Device ID: 32

Slot Number: 3

Enclosure position: 0

Device Id: 3

Sequence Number: 4

Media Error Count: 0

Other Error Count: 0

Predictive Failure Count: 0

Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0

PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 1.819 TB [0xe8e088b0 Sectors]

Non Coerced Size: 1.818 TB [0xe8d088b0 Sectors]

Coerced Size: 1.818 TB [0xe8d00000 Sectors]

Firmware state: Online, Spun Up

SAS Address(0): 0x5000c50055f60145

SAS Address(1): 0x0

Connected Port Number: 3(path0) 

Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST32000645SS    RS12Z1K0ETDN            

FDE Capable: Not Capable

FDE Enable: Disable

Secured: Unsecured

Locked: Unlocked

Needs EKM Attention: No

Foreign State: None 

Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 

Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 

Media Type: Hard Disk Device

Drive Temperature :44C (111.20 F)

Exit Code: 0x00

删除raid0

[root@ZAMPDMP-08 ~]# MegaCli  -cfglddel  -L1 -a0   

Adapter 0: Deleted Virtual Drive-1(target id-1)

Exit Code: 0x00

L指的是删除vm组1 也就是第二个raid，a0是控制卡，如果是L0，则对应第一个raid。

root@ZAMPDMP-11 data1]# dmidecode -t 1

# dmidecode 2.12

SMBIOS 2.7 present.

Handle 0x0100, DMI type 1, 27 bytes

System Information

Manufacturer: Dell Inc.

Product Name: PowerEdge R420

Version: Not Specified

Serial Number: 429PKY1    #机器序列号

UUID: 4C4C4544-0032-3910-8050-B4C04F4B5931

Wake-up Type: Power Switch

SKU Number: SKU=NotProvided;ModelName=PowerEdge R420

Family: Not Specified

清楚外键

否则不能单块磁盘做raid0

root@deptest29:/home/chinadep#  megacli -cfgforeign scan -a0                                     

There are 1 foreign configuration(s) on controller 0.

Exit Code: 0x00

root@deptest29:/home/chinadep#  megacli -cfgforeign clear -a0                                

Foreign configuration 0 is cleared on controller 0.

Exit Code: 0x00

root@deptest29:/home/chinadep# megacli -cfgforeign -scan -a0                                

There is no foreign configuration on controller 0.

Exit Code: 0x00

新添加的大于等于2T的磁盘，需要使用parted去分区，fdisk分区4T盘，最多使用2T

这里测试使用parted 格式化10块4T盘，测试结果ok

[root@ZAMPDMP-08 ~]# vim parted.sh

#!/bin/bash  

#Used to fomat 10 disks /dev/sdb /dev/sdc ....../dev/sdk 10

PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin

export PATH  

i=1

while [ $i -lt 11 ]  

do

j=`echo $i|awk '{printf "%c",97+$i}'`

parted /dev/sd$j <<ESXU

mklabel gpt

mkpart primary 0 -1

ignore

quit

ESXU

echo "/n/n******/dev/sd${j} __was Fdisked! Waiting For 10 Second*****/n/n"  

sleep 1s
                mkfs.ext4 /dev/sd${j}1

                if [ "$?" = "0" ];then

                    echo "/n/n*****sd${j}1 _________________was Formated, Waiting For 5 Second****/n/n"  

                fi

                let i+=1

sleep 1s

done

常见问题：
1、Dell服务器MegaCli命令只返回Exit Code: 0x00问题分析
没有找到raid信息，不过看了一下SCSI控制器的信息，根据SAS1068E上网一查，得出SAS1068E的raid卡是SAS 6i/R。

MegaCli命令不支持SAS 6/iR的RAID卡
解决办法：下载lsiutil工具

参考链接：
ftp://ftp.ntplx.net/pub/LSI/LSIUtil_1.62.zip
如果你是debian/ubuntu系统，则可以下载相应的deb包
wget ‘http://hwraid.le-vert.net/debian/pool-wheezy/lsiutil_1.60-1_amd64.deb’
dpkg -i lsiutil_1.60-1_amd64.deb

Linux系统下安装MegaCli64工具查看和管理raid卡 ： https://blog.csdn.net/lufeisan/article/details/53398756
Dell服务器MegaCli命令只返回Exit Code: 0x00问题分析 : https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-04/142970.htm
megacli 查看Raid卡和硬盘信息：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_34331102/article/details/89798230

ubuntu安装megacli :https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_34092370/article/details/89801764
Dell服务器各种RAID卡介绍及监控方法 : https://www.cnblogs.com/yjken/articles/3843216.html
https://www.baidu.com/link?url=xALdxWDu3b_5ZEIjfgFLyi_airDL0oJ0UBFkjQiM8RxLVqyw1KJmQvCTt_5A7n7OqZ4pl9TxDivKz2ZVD8T1YmKYqfBO_DMm33W0OTMoqRa&wd=&eqid=9568c816003eeb0e000000045daeaff2

MegaCli操作1—创建与删除raid0 : http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_57c70e190101ebl9.html

寰宇001

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Dell服务器RAID常用管理命令总结

2015-09-09 浸心阁阅 378 转 4转藏到我的图书馆Dell服务器常用管理命令总结准备新版本的 MegaCli-1.01.24-0.i386.rpm 会把程序安装在/opt下，可以自定义安装目录，例如：rpm --relocate /opt/=/usr/sbin/ -i MegaCli-1.01.24-0.i386.rpm即把安装目录 /opt 替换成 /usr/s...
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