Java-单例模式

单例模式

1. 懒汉模式（当调用实例时，完成初始化）

• 线程不安全
• 延迟加载

package cn.smbms.tools;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ConfigManager {
	private static Properties properties;
	private static ConfigManager configManager;
	
	private ConfigManager(){
		this.properties = new Properties();
		String configFile = new String("database.properties");
		InputStream is = ConfigManager.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(configFile);
		try {
			properties.load(is);
			is.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static ConfigManager getInstance(){
		if(configManager==null){
			configManager = new ConfigManager();
		}
		return configManager;
	}
	
}

package cn.smbms.dao;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import cn.smbms.tools.ConfigManager;

public class BaseDao {
	public static Connection getConnection(){
		Connection connection = null;
		String driver = ConfigManager.getInstance().getValue("driver");
		String url = ConfigManager.getInstance().getValue("url");
		String user = ConfigManager.getInstance().getValue("user");
		String password = ConfigManager.getInstance().getValue("password");
		try {
			Class.forName(driver);
			connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return connection;
	}

2. 恶汉模式（在类加载的时候，完成初始化）

• 线程安全
• 即时加载

package cn.smbms.tools;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ConfigManager {
	private static Properties properties;
	private static ConfigManager configManager = new ConfigManager();
	
	private ConfigManager(){
		this.properties = new Properties();
		String configFile = new String("database.properties");
		InputStream is = ConfigManager.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(configFile);
		try {
			properties.load(is);
			is.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static ConfigManager getInstance(){
		return configManager;
	}
	
}

3. 静态内部类

• 线程安全
• 延迟加载

查阅资料：加载一个类时，其内部类不会同时被加载。一个类被加载，当且仅当其某个静态成员（静态域、构造器、静态方法等）被调用时发生。

package cn.smbms.tools;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ConfigManager {
	private static Properties properties;
	private static ConfigManager configManager;

	private ConfigManager(){
		this.properties = new Properties();
		String configFile = new String("database.properties");
		InputStream is = ConfigManager.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(configFile);
		try {
			properties.load(is);
			is.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static class ConfigManagerHelper{
		private static final ConfigManager INSTANCE = new ConfigManager();
	}
	
	public static ConfigManager getInstance(){
		configManager = ConfigManagerHelper.INSTANCE;
		return configManager;
	}
}

参考文档

1. 使用静态内部类实现单例设计模式
2. 静态内部类里面定义这个静态方法就出错