Linux 安装 mysql mysql-8.0.25 [离线安装]

1、创建存入mysql的目录

mkdir /opt/mysql
cd /opt/mysql/

# 安装 mysql 依赖
[root@localhost mysql]# yum install perl net-tools -y

# 卸载 mariadb, 先查后卸
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
 

2、从官网直接下载mysql到本地, 再上传到 Linux

下载到本地的文件: mysql-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

上传到 Linux /opt/mysql/ 目录下

mysql 官网址: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

mysql 所有版本: https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

3、解压

[root@localhost mysql]# ll
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 793989120 9月  27 23:17 mysql-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

# 解压
[root@localhost mysql]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4、安装

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  # 先装这个
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

# 启动 mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld

# 重启
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld restart

# 查询 mysql 状态
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysqld

# 设置开机自启
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld

# 查找临时密钥 mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log

2021-09-27T15:56:31.911947Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: hr#Kfj.EM8ut

# 登录 mysql
mysql -uroot -p
hr#Kfj.EM8ut

# 设置 root 密码(生产环境服务器要设置复杂密码)  提示密码设置策略,降低密码设置的权限
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=LOW;
  
# 可以设置密码的长度( 没有操作 )
mysql>  set global validate_password.length=10;   # 自定义位数
   
# 修改密码规则和修改密码
mysql>  ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

# 更新用户密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
    
# 刷新使生效
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 修改 mysql 连接地址访问权限,都可访问
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
mysql> commit;
mysql> exit;

5、操作 mysql 数据库:

show databases;
create database 数据库名;
use database 数据库名;