工厂模式（一）

工厂模式之简单工厂模式

一个具体的需求：

看一个披萨的项目：
要便于披萨种类的扩展，要便于维护

1. 披萨的种类很多(比如 GreekPizz、CheesePizz 等)
2. 披萨的制作有 prepare，bake, cut, box
3. 完成披萨店订购功能

1.传统方式完成

优点是简单好理解。
缺点是违反了设计模式的OCP原则。在添加新种类的pizza pepperPizza 时，使用者（orderPizza）内部的代码也需要修改，没有对修改关闭。

pizza的基类。

package factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza;

/**
 * @Author Worm
 * @Date 2020/8/10 10:02
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public abstract class Pizza {
    protected String name;

    public abstract void prepare();

    public void bake() {
        System.out.println(name + " baking;");
    }

    public void cut() {
        System.out.println(name + " cutting;");
    }

    public void box() {
        System.out.println(name + " boxing;");
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

package factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza;

/**
 * @Author Worm
 * @Date 2020/8/10 10:06
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class CheesePizza extends Pizza{
    @Override
    public void prepare() {
        System.out.println("奶酪披萨准备原材料");
    }
}

package factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza;

/**
 * @Author Worm
 * @Date 2020/8/10 10:07
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class GreekPizza extends Pizza {
    @Override
    public void prepare() {
        System.out.println("给希腊披萨准备原材料");
    }
}

package factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza;

/**
 * @Author Worm
 * @Date 2020/8/10 10:07
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class GreekPizza extends Pizza {
    @Override
    public void prepare() {
        System.out.println("给希腊披萨准备原材料");
    }
}

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

/**
 * @Author Worm
 * @Date 2020/8/10 10:08
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class OrderPizza {
    public OrderPizza() {
        Pizza pizza = null;
        String orderType;
        do {
            orderType = gettype();
            if (orderType.equals("greek")) {
                pizza = new GreekPizza();
                pizza.setName("希腊披萨");
            } else if (orderType.equals("cheese")) {
                pizza = new CheesePizza();
                pizza.setName("奶酪披萨");
            } else if (orderType.equals("pepper")) {
                pizza = new PepperPizza();
                pizza.setName("胡椒披萨");
            } else break;
//            为了直观显示，输出pizza制作过程
            pizza.prepare();
            pizza.bake();
            pizza.cut();
            pizza.box();
        } while (true);
    }

    private String gettype() {
        try {
            BufferedReader strin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            System.out.println("input pizza type:");
            String str = strin.readLine();
            return str;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return "";
        }
    }
    }

客户端：

package factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.order;

/**
 * @Author Worm
 * @Date 2020/8/10 10:19
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
//相当于一个客户端
public class PizzaStore {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new OrderPizza();  /*不使用工厂模式时*/
       System.out.println("退出程序");

    }

}

2.简单工厂模式

简单工厂模式属于创建型模式，是工厂模式的一种。定义一个创建对象的类，由该工厂对象来决定创建出哪一种产品类的实例。在工厂内部封装实例化对象的行为代码。在软件开发中当我们需要大量的创建某类对象时，就会用到工厂模式。

定义一个可以实例化Pizza对象的工厂类：

package factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.order;

import factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza.CheesePizza;
import factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza.GreekPizza;
import factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza.PepperPizza;
import factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza.Pizza;

/**
 * @Author Worm
 * @Date 2020/8/10 10:46
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
//简单工厂类
public class SimpleFactory {
    //    也叫静态工厂模式，可以静态化在使用，效果一样
    public Pizza createPizza(String orderType) {
        System.out.println("使用简单工厂");
        Pizza pizza = null;
        if (orderType.equals("greek")) {
            pizza = new GreekPizza();
            pizza.setName("希腊披萨");
        } else if (orderType.equals("cheese")) {
            pizza = new CheesePizza();
            pizza.setName("奶酪披萨");
        } else if (orderType.equals("pepper")) {
            pizza = new PepperPizza();
            pizza.setName("胡椒披萨");
        }
        return pizza;
    }
}

package factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.order;

import factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza.CheesePizza;
import factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza.GreekPizza;
import factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza.PepperPizza;
import factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.pizza.Pizza;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

/**
 * @Author Worm
 * @Date 2020/8/10 10:08
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class OrderPizza {
    private String gettype() {
        try {
            BufferedReader strin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            System.out.println("input pizza type:");
            String str = strin.readLine();
            return str;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return "";
        }
    }


    //    定义一个简单工厂对象
    SimpleFactory simpleFactory;
    Pizza pizza = null;

    public void setFactory(SimpleFactory factory) {
        String orderType = "";
        this.simpleFactory = factory;
        do {
            orderType = gettype();
            Pizza pizza = simpleFactory.createPizza(orderType);
            if (pizza != null) {/*订购成功*/
                pizza.prepare();
                pizza.bake();
                pizza.cut();
                pizza.box();
            } else {
                System.out.println("订购失败");
                break;
            }
        } while (true);
    }

    public OrderPizza(SimpleFactory simpleFactory) {
        setFactory(simpleFactory);
    }
}

客户端：

package factory.simplefactory.pizzastore.order;

/**
 * @Author Worm
 * @Date 2020/8/10 10:19
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
//相当于一个客户端
public class PizzaStore {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        使用简单工厂
        new OrderPizza(new SimpleFactory());
        System.out.println("退出程序");

    }

}