spring colud 中使用abbitmq消息队列步骤

使用步骤
一、安装abbitmq服务，具体安装教程网上自行寻找
二、在配置文件中填下面的配置信息

 spring:
  rabbitmq:
   #abbitmq安装IP
    host: localhost
    #abbitmq安装端口
    port: xxxx
    #abbitmq登陆名
    username: xxxx
    #abbitmq登陆密码
    password: 'xxxxxxxxx'
    publisher-confirms: true
    virtual-host: /

三、创建队列常量类
package com.xxxx.util;

public class Constant {
    /*************** 队列常量 **************************/
    public static final String XXXX-XXXX-XXXX = "AAAA-AAAA-AAAA";
    public static final String YYYY-YYYY-YYYY= "BBBB-BBBB-BBBB";
}

在abbitmq控制中心显示的队列名为 “AAAA-AAAA-AAAA”，而不是 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX

四、创建一个abbitmq的配置，让Spring Boot加载，要使用@Configuration表示这是个配置类

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.config.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AcknowledgeMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.RabbitListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.messaging.converter.MappingJackson2MessageConverter;

import com.xxxx.util.Constant;
@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {
    //每一个队列都需要创建一个@Bean
	@Bean
	public Queue loginLogQueue() {
		return new Queue(Constant.XXXX-XXXX-XXXX);
	}
	
	@Bean
	public Queue opLoginQueue() {
		return new Queue(Constant.YYYY-YYYY-YYYY);
	}

	public MappingJackson2MessageConverter jackson2Converter() {
		MappingJackson2MessageConverter converter = new MappingJackson2MessageConverter();
		return converter;
	}

	@Bean
	public RabbitListenerContainerFactory<?> rabbitListenerContainerFactory(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
		SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
		factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
		factory.setMessageConverter(new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter());
		// 开启手动 ack
		factory.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL);
		return factory;
	}
}

五、开始使用队列
创建一个Service接口

public interface Model Service {
   //model是一个实体参数
	public void record(Model model);
}

实现类

@Service
public class ModelServiceImpl implements ModelService {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;


    //@Async(value="asyncServiceExecutor")配合上一篇文章，可以使用线程池
    @Override
    public void record(Model model ) {
        //这个步骤可以没有，在这里我有是因为在下面一步中参数一直报错，所以强转为json
		String json=JSONObject.toJSON(model ).toString();
		//将消息放入队列中等待消费
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(Constant.XXXX-XXXX-XXXX, json);
       // amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(Constant.XXXX-XXXX-XXXX, model );
	}
}

将消息放入队列中等待消费，在这一步程序只把消息放入队列中就返回，消费队列将异步进行

接下来就是在Listener里消费队列里的消息

@Component
public class ModelListener {
	@Autowired
	private ModelService modelService;

	@RabbitHandler
	@RabbitListener(queues = Constant.XXXX-XXXX-XXXX)
	public void process(Message msg, Channel channel) {
		ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
		Model model;//参数实体类
		try {
		   //在这里通过msg获取到传进来的参数，通过队列传进来后参数转换为String类型
			String log = new String(msg.getBody());
			//将log转换为实体类Model 
			model= objectMapper.readValue(log, Model.class);
			//....在这里用model进行自己的逻辑
		} catch (JsonParseException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}		
			try {
				// 确认消息
				channel.basicAck(msg.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
}

这篇消息队列文章可以和上篇线程池文章配合使用