Java使用word模板导出word

1.创建一个空的springboot工程，引入jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
    <version>3.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
    <version>3.17</version>
</dependency>

maven工程只需引入2个jar，系统会自动添加其他相关jar包

2.工具类一

package com.example.demo.util;

import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlToken;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTNonVisualDrawingProps;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTPositiveSize2D;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.wordprocessingDrawing.CTInline;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class CustomXWPFDocument extends XWPFDocument {
    public CustomXWPFDocument(InputStream in) throws IOException {
        super(in);
    }

    public CustomXWPFDocument(OPCPackage pkg) throws IOException {
        super(pkg);
    }

    public void createPicture(String blipId,int id, int width, int height, XWPFParagraph paragraph)
    {
        final int EMU = 9525;
        width *= EMU;
        height *= EMU;

        //给段落插入图片
        CTInline inline = paragraph.createRun().getCTR().addNewDrawing().addNewInline();

        String picXml = "" +
                "<a:graphic xmlns:a=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\">" +
                "   <a:graphicData uri=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\">" +
                "      <pic:pic xmlns:pic=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\">" +
                "         <pic:nvPicPr>" +
                "            <pic:cNvPr id=\"" + id + "\" name=\"Generated\"/>" +
                "            <pic:cNvPicPr/>" +
                "         </pic:nvPicPr>" +
                "         <pic:blipFill>" +
                "            <a:blip r:embed=\"" + blipId + "\" xmlns:r=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships\"/>" +
                "            <a:stretch>" +
                "               <a:fillRect/>" +
                "            </a:stretch>" +
                "         </pic:blipFill>" +
                "         <pic:spPr>" +
                "            <a:xfrm>" +
                "               <a:off x=\"0\" y=\"0\"/>" +
                "               <a:ext cx=\"" + width + "\" cy=\"" + height + "\"/>" +
                "            </a:xfrm>" +
                "            <a:prstGeom prst=\"rect\">" +
                "               <a:avLst/>" +
                "            </a:prstGeom>" +
                "         </pic:spPr>" +
                "      </pic:pic>" +
                "   </a:graphicData>" +
                "</a:graphic>";

        XmlToken xmlToken = null;
        try
        {
            xmlToken = XmlToken.Factory.parse(picXml);
        }
        catch(XmlException xe)
        {
            xe.printStackTrace();
        }
        inline.set(xmlToken);

        inline.setDistT(0);
        inline.setDistB(0);
        inline.setDistL(0);
        inline.setDistR(0);

        CTPositiveSize2D extent = inline.addNewExtent();
        extent.setCx(width);
        extent.setCy(height);

        CTNonVisualDrawingProps docPr = inline.addNewDocPr();
        docPr.setId(id);
        docPr.setName("Picture " + id);
        docPr.setDescr("Generated");
    }
}

3.工具类二

package com.example.demo.util;

import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class WordUtil {

    /**
     * 替换段落里面的变量 
     *
     * @param doc    要替换的文档 
     * @param params 参数 
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     * @throws InvalidFormatException
     */
    public void replaceInPara(CustomXWPFDocument doc, Map<String, Object> params) throws InvalidFormatException, FileNotFoundException {
        Iterator<XWPFParagraph> iterator = doc.getParagraphsIterator();
        XWPFParagraph para;
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            para = iterator.next();
            this.replaceInPara(para, params,doc);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 替换段落里面的变量 
     *
     * @param para   要替换的段落 
     * @param params 参数 
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     * @throws InvalidFormatException
     */
    public void replaceInPara(XWPFParagraph para, Map<String, Object> params, CustomXWPFDocument doc) throws InvalidFormatException, FileNotFoundException {
        List<XWPFRun> runs;
        Matcher matcher;
        if (this.matcher(para.getParagraphText()).find()) {
            runs = para.getRuns();

            int start = -1;
            int end = -1;
            String str = "";
            String text= "";
            for (int i = 0; i < runs.size(); i++) {
                text += runs.get(i).toString();
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < runs.size(); i++) {
                XWPFRun run = runs.get(i);
                System.out.println("------>>>>>>>>>" + text);
                if (text.contains("$")) {
                    start = text.indexOf("$");
                }
                if ((start != -1)) {
                    str += text.substring(text.indexOf("$"), text.length()).trim();
                    String paraList=runs.toString();
                    System.out.println("未删除前"+paraList);
                    Object[] runArr = runs.toArray();
                    int size=runs.size();
                    int $Index=0;
                    for (int j = 0; j < runArr.length; j++) {
                        if (runArr[j].toString().contains("$")) {
                            $Index=j;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    int startIn=$Index;
                    while (startIn<runs.size()) {
                        para.removeRun(startIn);
                        System.out.println("删除中"+para.getRuns());
                    }
                    System.out.println("删除后"+para.getRuns());
                }
                if ('}' == text.charAt(text.length() - 1)) {
                    if (start != -1) {
                        end = text.length() - 1;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            System.out.println("start--->"+start);
            System.out.println("end--->"+end);
            System.out.println("str---->>>" + str);

            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                if (str.equals(key)) {
                    if(str.indexOf("@")==-1){
                        String value= params.get(key).toString();
                        para.createRun().setText(value);
                        break;
                    }else{
                        String value= params.get(key).toString();
                        int length = para.getRuns().size();
                        if (length > 0) {
                            for (int i = (length - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
                                para.removeRun(i);
                            }
                        }
                        String blipId = doc.addPictureData(new FileInputStream(new File(value)), CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG);
                        doc.createPicture(blipId,doc.getNextPicNameNumber(CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG), 550, 250,para);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }


        }
    }

    /**
     * 替换表格里面的变量 
     *
     * @param doc    要替换的文档 
     * @param params 参数 
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     * @throws InvalidFormatException
     */
    public void replaceInTable(CustomXWPFDocument doc, Map<String, Object> params) throws InvalidFormatException, FileNotFoundException {
        Iterator<XWPFTable> iterator = doc.getTablesIterator();
        XWPFTable table;
        List<XWPFTableRow> rows;
        List<XWPFTableCell> cells;
        List<XWPFParagraph> paras;
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            table = iterator.next();
            rows = table.getRows();
            for (XWPFTableRow row : rows) {
                cells = row.getTableCells();
                for (XWPFTableCell cell : cells) {
                    paras = cell.getParagraphs();
                    for (XWPFParagraph para : paras) {
                        this.replaceInPara(para, params,doc);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 正则匹配字符串 
     *
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    private Matcher matcher(String str) {
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\$\\{(.+?)\\}", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(str);
        return matcher;
    }

    /**
     * 关闭输入流 
     *
     * @param is
     */
    public void close(InputStream is) {
        if (is != null) {
            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 关闭输出流 
     *
     * @param os
     */
    public void close(OutputStream os) {
        if (os != null) {
            try {
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

4.测试代码

package com.example.demo.controller;

import ch.qos.logback.core.util.FileUtil;
import com.example.demo.util.CustomXWPFDocument;
import com.example.demo.util.WordUtil;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class ExportWordController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/export")
    public void export(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
        params.put("${Name}", "Fisher3652");
        params.put("${Sex}", "男");
        params.put("${Desc}", "18岁\tJAVA开发\r熟悉JVM基本原理");
        params.put("${@Pic}", "C:\\Users\\111\\Pictures\\123.jpg");
        //spring项目使用此方法获取文件路径
//        String fileNameInResource = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("Demo.docx");
        InputStream is;
        CustomXWPFDocument doc;
        //spring项目使用此方法获取创建文件
//        is = new FileInputStream(new File(fileNameInResource));
        //springboot项目使用次方法
        is = FileUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("static/Demo.docx");
        doc = new CustomXWPFDocument(is);
        WordUtil xwpfTUtil = new WordUtil();
        xwpfTUtil.replaceInPara(doc, params);
        xwpfTUtil.replaceInTable(doc, params);
        //此处不指定下载目录，默认到用户本地的下载文件下
        OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
        String fileName = sdf.format(new Date());
        response.setCharacterEncoding(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
        response.setContentType("application/x-zip-compressed");
        response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8") + ".doc");
        doc.write(os);
        xwpfTUtil.close(os);
        xwpfTUtil.close(is);
        os.flush();
        os.close();
        System.out.println("word成功生成");
    }
}

5.模板文件放在static目录下

6.导出结果