go1.18 泛型

1. 使用场景

• 参考https://go.dev/blog/when-generics

除了参数类型之外，写了很多完全重复的代码

2. 代码实例

• 参考https://go.dev/doc/tutorial/generics

package main

import (
   "fmt"
)

type Number interface {
   int | int32 | int64 | float32 | float64
}

func addNumber[T Number](a, b T) T {
   return a + b
}

func addString[T string](a, b T) T {
   return a + b
}

func printAny[T any](s []T) {
   for i, t := range s {
      fmt.Printf("%v = %v \n", i, t)
   }
}

func sumNumbers[K comparable, V Number | string](m map[K]V) V {
   var s V
   for _, v := range m {
      s += v
   }
   return s
}

func main() {

   fmt.Println(addNumber(1, 2))
   fmt.Println(addNumber(1.1, 2.2))
   fmt.Println(addString("Hello", " go"))

   str := []string{"a", "b", "c"}
   printAny(str)

   strs := map[string]string{"first": "hello ", "second": "world "}
   ints := map[string]int64{"f": 123, "s": 456}
   fmt.Println(sumNumbers(strs))
   fmt.Println(sumNumbers(ints))

}

• 打印结果

3
3.3000000000000003
Hello go
0 = a
1 = b
2 = c
hello world
579