实现超市管理系统登录功能

首先考虑用不用maven
如果不用maven就要导入jar包
如果用maven就注入依赖

用maven搭建一个项目

• IDEA创建一个新的maven-javaweb项目
• 补全项目目录：java resources
• pom.xml文件中注入依赖：mysql，servlet…
• 配置tomcat，测试能否成功启动
• 创建项目的数据库

• 构建项目包结构
  

• 编写实体类：
  数据库表和类映射

• 编写基础公共类

• 数据库配置文件（db.properties）

driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/smbms?useUnicode=true&useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
username=root
password=l15075880525

• 编写数据库的公共类

package com.liu.dao;

import com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;

public class BaseDao {

    private static String driver;
    private static String url;
    private static String username;
    private static String password;

    //静态代码块，累加载时就执行
    static {
        try {
            //类的类加载器读取资源文件输入流
            InputStream in = BaseDao.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
            Properties properties = new Properties();//新建一个properties对象
            properties.load(in);//properties加载文件输入流
            
            driver = properties.getProperty(BaseDao.driver);//获取文件中的值
            url = properties.getProperty(BaseDao.url);
            username = properties.getProperty(BaseDao.username);
            password = properties.getProperty(BaseDao.password);
            
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    //获取数据库连接
    public static Connection getConnection(){
        Connection conn = null;
        try {
            Class.forName(driver);//加载驱动
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return conn;

    }

    //编写查询公共类
    public static ResultSet execute(Connection conn,String sql,Object[] params,ResultSet resultSet,PreparedStatement preparedStatement) throws SQLException {
        //创建一个 PreparedStatement对象，用于将参数化的SQL语句发送到数据库。
        preparedStatement = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {//数组中存的是sql语句中的参数
            preparedStatement.setObject(i+1,params[i]);
        }
        resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();//执行sql语句
        return resultSet;//返回一个字符集
    }

    //编写增删改公共类
    public static int execute(Connection conn,String sql,Object[] params,int updateRows,PreparedStatement preparedStatement) throws SQLException {
        //创建一个 PreparedStatement对象，用于将参数化的SQL语句发送到数据库。
        preparedStatement = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
            preparedStatement.setObject(i+1,params[i]);
        }
        updateRows = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();//返回的是受增删改影响的行数
        return updateRows;

    }

    //关闭连接释放资源
    public static boolean close(ResultSet resultSet,PreparedStatement preparedStatement,Connection connection) {
        boolean flag=true;//给一个标志位，如果正常关闭返回true，如果任何一个抛出异常都返回false
        if(resultSet!=null){
            try {
                resultSet.close();
                //GC回收
                resultSet=null;
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                flag=false;
            }
        }
        if(preparedStatement!=null){
            try {
                preparedStatement.close();
                //GC回收
                preparedStatement=null;
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                flag=false;
            }
        }
        if(connection!=null){
            try {
                connection.close();
                //GC回收
                connection=null;
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                flag=false;
            }
        }
        return flag;
    }
}

• 编写字符编码过滤器

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }

• 配置字符编码过滤器的映射

<!--字符编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.liu.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        <!--访问所有路径时都要通过字符编码过滤器-->
    </filter-mapping>

实现登录功能

• 导入静态资源，设置首页为登录界面

<!--    设置服务器启动首页为登录页面-->
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

• 编写数据库Dao层接口

public interface UserDao {
    public User getLoginUser(Connection connection, String userCode,String userPassword) throws SQLException;
    //参数一个数据库连接，一个是用户编码，也就是登录的账号
}

• 编写UserDao实现类

//UserDao接口的实现类
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
    @Override
    //持久层只做查询数据库的内容
    //传入两个参数，如果连接不为空，就去数据库中根据给的参数用户编码去查，返回一个User对象
    public User getLoginUser(Connection connection, String userCode,String userPassword) throws SQLException {
        //准备三个对象
        PreparedStatement pstm = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        User user = null;
        //判断是否连接成功
        if(connection!=null ){//如果连接成功
            String sql = "select * from smbms_user where userCode=? and userPassword=?";
            Object[] params = {userCode,userPassword};
            rs = BaseDao.execute(connection, pstm, rs, sql, params);//调用BaseDao的查询方法返回一个字符集
            if(rs.next()){
                user = new User();
                user.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
                user.setUserCode(rs.getString("userCode"));
                user.setUserName(rs.getString("userName"));
                user.setUserPassword(rs.getString("userPassword"));
                user.setGender(rs.getInt("gender"));
                user.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
                user.setPhone(rs.getString("phone"));
                user.setAddress(rs.getString("address"));
                user.setUserRole(rs.getInt("userRole"));
                user.setCreatedBy(rs.getInt("createdBy"));
                user.setCreationDate(rs.getTimestamp("creationDate"));
                user.setModifyBy(rs.getInt("modifyBy"));
                user.setModifyDate(rs.getTimestamp("modifyDate"));
            }
            BaseDao.closeResource(null, pstm, rs);//connection不要关，因为有可能业务层用到
        }
        return user;
    }

/*    @Test
    public void Test() throws SQLException {
        User admin = getLoginUser(BaseDao.getConnection(), "admin");
        System.out.println(admin.getUserPassword());
    }*/
}

• 业务层接口

//业务层接口
public interface UserService {
    //用户登录
    public User login(String userCode, String userPassword);
}

• 业务层实现类

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

//业务层都会调用dao层.所以我们要引入Dao层（重点）
    //只处理对应业务
    private UserDao userDao;
    public UserServiceImpl(){//无参构造，当前类初始化时，UserDaoImpl同时初始化
        userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
    }

    @Override
    public User login(String userCode,String userPassword) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Connection connection = null;
        //通过业务层调用对应的具体数据库操作
        User user = null;
        try {
            connection = BaseDao.getConnection();//获得数据库连接
            user = userDao.getLoginUser(connection, userCode,userPassword);
            //这里已经连接了数据库，并得到用户编码，去调用Dao层的方法，返回一个用户
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            BaseDao.closeResource(connection, null, null);
            //Dao层已经关闭了prepareStatement，resultSet，所以这里关闭数据库连接就好
        }
        return user;
    }

/*	@Test
	public void test() {
		UserServiceImpl userService = new UserServiceImpl();
		String userCode = "admin";
		String userPassword = "12345678";
		User admin = userService.login(userCode, userPassword);
		System.out.println(admin.getUserPassword());

	}*/

}

• servlet实现类

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    //接受用户参数、调用业务层、转发视图
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException{
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根

        System.out.println("login ============ " );
        //获取用户名和密码
        String userCode = req.getParameter("userCode");
        String userPassword = req.getParameter("userPassword");
        //调用service方法，进行用户匹配
        UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
        User user = userService.login(userCode,userPassword);
        if(null != user){//登录成功
            //放入session
            req.getSession().setAttribute(Constants.USER_SESSION,user);
            //页面跳转（frame.jsp）
            resp.sendRedirect("jsp/frame.jsp");
        }else{
            //页面跳转（login.jsp）带出提示信息--转发
            req.setAttribute("error", "用户名或密码不正确");
            req.getRequestDispatcher("login.jsp").forward(req,resp);
        }
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException, ServletException {
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}