think python内容提纲

think python内容提纲
python 2.7 document
https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/index.html

chapter1
python is an interpreted language. it is executed by an interpreter. there are two ways to use the interpreter: interactive mode (similar to MATLAB command window) and script mode

chapter2

1. types of values: int, float, str, bool, list (use […,…]), tuple (use (…,…)), dict (use {…:…,…:…})
2. octal format: start with 0 such as 0108
   hexadecimal format: start with 0x such as 0x1016
3. keywords:
   [‘and’, ‘as’, ‘assert’, ‘break’, ‘class’, ‘continue’, ‘def’, ‘del’, ‘elif’, ‘else’, ‘except’, ‘exec’, ‘finally’, ‘for’, ‘from’, ‘global’, ‘if’, ‘import’, ‘in’, ‘is’, ‘lambda’, ‘not’, ‘or’, ‘pass’, ‘print’, ‘raise’, ‘return’, ‘try’, ‘while’, ‘with’, ‘yield’]
   you can get keywords list by inputing the following commands:
   import keyword
   keyword.kwlist
   keyword.iskeyword(s) #Return true if s is a Python keyword.
4. operators:
   + addition (‘ha’+‘lol’‘halol’)
   - subtraction
   * multiplication (‘ha’*3’hahaha’)
   / floor division in python2 and division in python3 (floor division: 5/60; -1/6-1)
   ** exponentiation [ˌekspəʊˌnenʃɪ’eɪʃən] 求幂
   ^ XOR
5. comments start with the # symbol

chapter3
swampy下载地址：
http://www.greenteapress.com/thinkpython/swampy/

1. type conversion functions:
   int(‘32’)
   int(3.999)
   float(‘3.14’)
   float(32)
   str(32)
   str(3.14)
2. math functions
   import math
   math.log10(100)==2.0
   math.log(math.e)==1.0
   math.sin(math.pi/6)==0.49999999999999994
   math.sqrt(2)==1.4142135623730951
   math.exp(math.log(3))==3.0000000000000004
   ……
3. variables and parmeters are local
4. function: fruitful functions (chapter6) and void functions
5. function definition
   def function_name(parameter1,parameter2,……)
   function body
6. importing with from
   (1) import math
   math.pi
   (2) from math import pi
   pi
   (3) from math import * (there might be conflicts between names defined in different modules)
   pi
   sin(pi/2)

chapter4 function interface design

1. encapsulation 函数封装 (lines of commands -> function)
   generalization 函数泛化（square -> polygon, 从而circle可以调用polygon）
   refactoring: rearranging a program to improve function interfaces and facilitate code reuse

2. for-looping
   >>> print range(4)
   [0, 1, 2, 3]
   >>> sum=0
   >>> for i in range(4):