C++ Date类运算符重载

 C++ Date类运算符重载

+=, -=, -(两日期相减), -(日期-天数), +, ++(前置), ++(后置), --(前置), --(后置), =,  <<,  >>, <, >, <=, >=, !=, ==

值得注意的是, 闰年并不是4年一闰, 我们通常习惯理解为4年一闰
闰年判断条件 (year % 400 == 0 || (year % 4 == 0 && year % 100)), 可以看到, 当年份是4的倍数, 但可以被100整除, 且不能被400整除时, 并不是闰年, 例如2096年是闰年, 按习惯2100年是闰年, 但2100年不能满足判断条件,不是闰年,下一个闰年是2104, 相隔8年, 还可以发现 2100,2200,2300,2500,2600,2700,2900等等都不是闰年, 遇到这种年份前后闰年相隔8年  

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Date{
	int m_year;
	int m_month;
	int m_day;
	static int m_s_months[12];
public:
	Date(int y = 2019, int m = 10, int d = 1) :
		m_year(y),
		m_month(m),
		m_day(d) 
	{
	}
	Date& operator=(const Date& t);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Date& t);
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& os, Date& t);
	bool operator<(const Date& t)const;
	bool operator>(const Date& t)const;
	bool operator==(const Date& t)const;
	bool operator!=(const Date& t)const;
	bool operator<=(const Date& t)const;
	bool operator>=(const Date& t)const;
	Date& operator+=(size_t n);//计算当前日期+n天的日期值, 再将这个值给自己
	Date operator+(size_t n)const;//n天之后的日期
	Date operator-(size_t n)const;//n天之前的日期
	Date& operator-=(size_t n);//计算当前日期-n天的日期值, 再将这个值给自己
	int operator-(const Date& t)const;//两个日期之间差几天
	Date& operator++();
	Date& operator--();
	Date operator++(int);
	Date operator--(int);

	static int getMonthDay(int y, size_t n);//返回y年n月的天数
	bool LeapYear(int year)const;
	int countLeapYear(int year)const;
};

 

#include"Date.h"
int Date::m_s_months[12] = { 31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31 };
int Date::getMonthDay(int y, size_t n) {
	return m_s_months[n-1]+ (n == 2 && (y % 400 == 0 || (y % 4 == 0 && y % 100)));
}
Date& Date::operator=(const Date& t) {
	if (this != &t) {
		m_year = t.m_year;
		m_month = t.m_month;
		m_day = t.m_day;
	}
	return *this;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Date& t) {
	os << t.m_year << "年" << t.m_month << "月" << t.m_day << "日";
	return os;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& os, Date& t) {
	printf("请输入年份\n");
	while (1) {
		os >> t.m_year;
		if (t.m_year >= 0) {
			break;
		}
		cout << "年份必须非负,请重新输入年份\n";
	}
	cout << "请输入月份\n";
	while (1) {
		os >> t.m_month;
		if (t.m_month < 1) {
			cout << "月份必须大于0, 请重新输入\n";
			continue;
		}
		if (t.m_month > 12) {
			cout << "月份必须小于等于12, 请重新输入\n";
			continue;
		}
		break;
	}
	cout << "请输入日\n";
	while (1) {
		os >> t.m_day;
		if (t.m_day < 1) {
			cout << "请输入大于0的天数\n";
			continue;
		}
		if (t.m_day > Date::getMonthDay(t.m_year,t.m_month)) {
			cout << "你输入的号数大于本月天数" << Date::getMonthDay(t.m_year, t.m_month) << "请重新输入\n";
			continue;
		}
		break;
	}
	return os;
}
bool Date::operator<(const Date& t)const {
	if (this == &t) {
		return false;
	}
	if (m_year < t.m_year) {
		return true;
	}
	if (m_year == t.m_year && m_month < t.m_month) {
		return true;
	}
	if (m_month == t.m_month && m_day < t.m_day) { 
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}
bool Date::operator>(const Date& t)const {
	if (this == &t) {
		return false;
	}
	if (m_year > t.m_year) {
		return true;
	}
	if (m_year == t.m_year && m_month > t.m_month) {
		return true;
	}
	if (m_month == t.m_month && m_day > t.m_day) {
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}
bool Date::operator!=(const Date& t)const {
	if (this == &t) {
		return false;
	}
	return (m_year != t.m_year) || (m_month != t.m_month) || (m_day != t.m_day);
	//或者
	//return !(*this == t);
}
bool Date::operator==(const Date& t)const {
	if (this == &t) {
		return true;
	}
	return (m_year == t.m_year) && (m_month == t.m_month) && (m_day == t.m_day);
	//或者
	//return !(*this != t);
}
bool Date::operator<=(const Date& t)const {
	if (this == &t) {
		return true;
	}
	if (m_year > t.m_year) {
		return false;
	}
	else if (m_year == t.m_year && m_month > t.m_month) {
		return false;
		if (m_month == t.m_month && m_day > t.m_day) {
			return false;
		}
	}
	return true;
	//或者
	//return *this == t || *this < t;
}
bool Date::operator>=(const Date& t)const {
	if (this == &t) {
		return true;
	}
	if (m_year < t.m_year) {
		return false;
	}
	else if (m_year == t.m_year && m_month < t.m_month) {
		return false;
		if (m_month == t.m_month && m_day < t.m_day) {
			return false;
		}
	}
	return true;
	//或者
	//return *this == t || *this > t;
}
Date& Date::operator++() {
	if (m_day == getMonthDay(m_year, m_month)) {
		m_day = 1;
		m_month == 12 ? m_month = 1, ++m_year : ++m_month;
	}
	else {
		++m_day;
	}
	return *this;
}
Date& Date::operator--() {
	if (m_day == 1) {
		m_month == 1 ? m_month = 12, --m_year : --m_month;
		m_day = getMonthDay(m_year, m_month);
	}
	else {
		--m_day;
	}
	return *this;
}
Date Date::operator++(int) {
	Date tmp = *this;
	if (m_day == getMonthDay(m_year, m_month)) {
		m_day = 1;
		m_month == 12 ? m_month = 1, ++m_year : ++m_month;
	}
	else {
		++m_day;
	}
	return tmp;
}
Date Date::operator--(int) {
	Date tmp = *this;
	if (m_day == 1) {
		m_month == 1 ? m_month = 12, --m_year : --m_month;
		m_day = getMonthDay(m_year, m_month);
	}
	else {
		--m_day;
	}
	return tmp;
}
bool Date::LeapYear(int year) const{
	return year % 400 == 0 || (year % 4 == 0 && year % 100);
}
Date& Date::operator+=(size_t n) {
	size_t count = 0;
	for (int i = 1; i < (int)m_month; ++i) {
		count += getMonthDay(m_year, i);
	}
	count += m_day;
	if (n >= (365 + LeapYear(m_year) - count)) { 
		n -= (365 + LeapYear(m_year) - count);
		m_month = 12;
		m_day = 31;
		while ((int)n >= (365 + LeapYear(m_year + 1))) {
			n -= (365 + LeapYear(++m_year));
		}
	}
	for (;n > 0; --n) {
		if (m_day == getMonthDay(m_year, m_month)) {
			m_day = 1;
			m_month == 12 ? m_month = 1, ++m_year: ++m_month;
		}
		else {
			++m_day;
		}
	}
	return *this;
}
Date Date::operator+(size_t n)const {
	Date tmp = *this;
	size_t count = 0;
	for (int i = 1; i < (int)tmp.m_month; ++i) {
		count += getMonthDay(tmp.m_year, i);
	}
	count += tmp.m_day;
	if (n >= (365 + LeapYear(tmp.m_year) - count)) {
		n -= (365 + LeapYear(tmp.m_year) - count);
		tmp.m_month = 12;
		tmp.m_day = 31;
		while ((int)n >= (365 + LeapYear(tmp.m_year + 1))) {
			n -= (365 + LeapYear(++tmp.m_year));
		}
	}
	for (; n > 0; --n) {
		if (tmp.m_day == getMonthDay(tmp.m_year, tmp.m_month)) {
			tmp.m_day = 1;
			tmp.m_month == 12 ? tmp.m_month = 1, ++tmp.m_year : ++tmp.m_month;
		}
		else {
			++tmp.m_day;
		}
	}
	return tmp;
}
Date Date::operator-(size_t n)const {
	Date tmp = *this;
	size_t count = 0;
	for (int i = 1; i < (int)tmp.m_month; ++i) {
		count += getMonthDay(tmp.m_year, i);
	}
	count += m_day;
	if (n >= count) {
		n -= count;
		tmp.m_month = 12;
		tmp.m_day = 31;
		--tmp.m_year;
		while ((int)n >= (365 + LeapYear(tmp.m_year))) {
			n -= (365 + LeapYear(tmp.m_year--));
		}
	}
	for (; n > 0; --n) {
		if (tmp.m_day == 1) {
			if (tmp.m_month == 1) {
				tmp.m_day = getMonthDay(--tmp.m_year, 12);
			}
			else {
				tmp.m_day = getMonthDay(tmp.m_year, --tmp.m_month);
			}
		}
		else {
			--tmp.m_day;
		}
	}
	return tmp;
}
Date& Date::operator-=(size_t n) {
	size_t count = 0;
	for (int i = 1; i < (int)m_month; ++i) {
		count += getMonthDay(m_year, i);
	}
	count += m_day;
	if (n >= count) {
		n -= count;
		m_month = 12;
		m_day = 31;
		--m_year;
		while ((int)n >= (365 + LeapYear(m_year))) {
			n -= (365 + LeapYear(m_year--));
		}
	}
	for (; n > 0; --n) {
		if (m_day == 1) {
			if (m_month == 1) {
				m_day = getMonthDay(--m_year, 12);
			}
			else {
				m_day = getMonthDay(m_year, --m_month);
			}
		}
		else {
			--m_day;
		}
	}
	return *this;
}
int Date::countLeapYear(int year)const {
	if (m_year == year) {
		return LeapYear(year);
	}
	int begin = m_year;
	int end = year - 1;
	if (m_year > year) {
		begin = year;
		end = m_year - 1;
	}
	while (!(LeapYear(begin))) {
		++begin;
	}
	while (!(LeapYear(end))) {
		--end;
	}
	int tmp = begin;
	int count = 0;
	if (begin <= end) {
		while (tmp <= end && tmp % 100) { 
			++tmp;;
		}
		for (; tmp <= end; !LeapYear(tmp) ? ++count : count, tmp += 100);
		return (end - begin) / 4 + 1 - count;
	}
	return 0;
}

int Date::operator-(const Date& t)const {
	Date mindate = *this;
	Date maxdate = t;
	if (mindate > maxdate) {
		maxdate = *this;
		mindate = t;
	}
	int count = 0;
	if (maxdate.m_year > mindate.m_year) {
		count += countLeapYear(t.m_year) + (maxdate.m_year - mindate.m_year) * 365;
	}
	for (int i = 1; i < (int)mindate.m_month; ++i) {
		count -= getMonthDay(mindate.m_year, i);
	}
	count -= mindate.m_day;

	for (int i = 1; i < (int)maxdate.m_month; ++i) {
		count += getMonthDay(maxdate.m_year, i);
	}
	count += maxdate.m_day;
	return count;
}

 

#include"Date.h"
void test1() {
	Date a;
	Date c;
	Date b;
	cout << "输入a:\n";
	cin >> a;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
	cout<< "输入b:\n";
	cin >> b;
	c = b;
	cout << "b:" << b << endl;
	cout << "c:" << c << endl;
	a > b ? cout << a << ">" << b << endl : cout << a << "<=" << b << endl;
	a < b ? cout << a << "<" << b << endl : cout << a << ">=" << b << endl;
	a >= b ? cout << a << ">=" << b << endl : cout << a << "<" << b << endl;
	a <= b ? cout << a << "<=" << b << endl : cout << a << ">" << b << endl;
	b == c ? cout << b << "==" << c << endl : cout << b << "!=" << c << endl;
	a != c ? cout << a << "!=" << c << endl : cout << a << "==" << c << endl;
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void test2() {
	Date a;
	Date b;
	Date c;
	size_t n = 1000000000;
	cout << "输入a\n";
	cin >> a;
	c = a;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
	a += n;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
	cout << a - c << endl;
	c = a;
	a -= n;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
	b = a + n;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
	cout << "b:" << b << endl;
	b = b - n;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
	cout << "b:" << b << endl;
	cout << "a:" << ++a << endl;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
	cout << "a:" << a++ << endl;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
	cout << "a:" << --a << endl;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
	cout << "a:" << a-- << endl;
	cout << "a:" << a << endl;
}
int main() {
	test1();
	test2();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}