Ⅰ、获取构造方法
一、权限是public
(1)Constructor[] getConstructors():不含继承
public class Student {
public Student(){
}
public Student(String name){
this.name = name;
}
}
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Class clazz = Student.class;
try {
Constructor[] constructors = clazz.getConstructors();
for (Constructor constructor:constructors) {
System.out.println(constructor.getName());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
结果为:
Student
Student
(2)Constructor getConstrutor(Class<?>… parameterTypes):不含继承
如果是基本数据类型,则parameterType应为基本数据类型包装类.TYPE
如果是基本数据类型包装类,则parameterType应为基本数据类型包装类.class
parameterType返回一个该class对象clazz表示类中声明的构造方法所对应constructor对象数组
public class Student {
public Student(){
}
public Student(String name){
this.name = name;
}
}
public class Test{
public static void main(String [] args){
Class clazz = Student.class;
try {
Constructor constructor = clazz.getConstructor();
System.out.println(constructor.getName());
constructor = clazz.getConstructor(String.class);
System.out.println(constructor.getName());
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
结果是
Student
Student
二、不区分访问权限
(1)Constructor[] getDeclaredConstructors():
public class Student {
private Student(){
}
private Student(String name){
this.name = name;
}
}
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Class clazz = Student.class;
try {
Constructor[] constructors = clazz.getDeclaredConstructors();
for (Constructor constructor:constructors) {
System.out.println(constructor.getName());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
结果是:
Student
Student
(2)Constructor getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>… parameterTypes)
权限改成private
public class Student {
private Student(){
}
private Student(String name){
this.name = name;
}
}
Constructor getConstrutor(Class<?>... parameterTypes):
try {
Constructor constructor = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
System.out.println(constructor.getName());
constructor = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class);
System.out.println(constructor.getName());
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
结果是
```java
Student
Student
Ⅱ、获取构造方法信息
public class Student {
private static String name;
private Student(){
}
private Student(String name){
this.name=name;
}
public void doHomework(){
System.out.println("正在做作业");
}
}
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Class clazz = Student.class;
try {
Constructor constructor = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class);
clazz = constructor.getDeclaringClass();//1.获得类名
System.out.println(clazz.getName());
int mod = clazz.getModifiers();//2.获得修饰符
String res = Modifier.toString(mod);
System.out.println(res);
System.out.println(constructor.getName());//3.获得构造方法名
Class [] css = constructor.getParameterTypes();//4.获得参数列表数组(String.class)
for (Class cs:css){
System.out.println(cs.getName());
}
constructor.setAccessible(true);
Object object = constructor.newInstance("Tom");
Student stu = (Student) object;
stu.doHomework();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
结果:
Student
public
Student
java.lang.String
正在做作业
III、获取普通方法
(1)getMethods():含继承
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Class clazz = Student.class;
Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods();
for (Method method:
methods) {
System.out.println(method.getName());
}
}
}
结果包含父类Object的方法
doHomework
wait
wait
wait
equals
toString
hashCode
getClass
notify
notifyAll
(2)getDeclaredMethods():不含继承
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Class clazz = Student.class;
Method[] methods = clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
for (Method method:
methods) {
System.out.println(method.getName());
}
}
}
结果只有本类显式声明的方法:
doHomework
IV、获取普通方法信息
public class Student {
public static String name;
public Student(){
}
public Student(String name){
this.name=name;
}
private static int doHomework(int age, String [] name){
System.out.println("正在做作业");
return 1;
}
}
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Class clazz = Student.class;
try {
Method method = clazz.getMethod("doHomework",Integer.TYPE,String [].class);
System.out.println(method.getDeclaringClass());//1、获取类名
System.out.println(Modifier.toString(method.getModifiers()));//2、获取修饰符
System.out.println(method.getReturnType());//3、获取返回值类型
Class[] clazzs = method.getParameterTypes();//4、获取参数类型对应Class类对象的数组
for (Class zz:
clazzs) {
System.out.println(zz.getName());
}
method.setAccessible(true);//可以调用私有的普通方法了
Object object = method.invoke(new Student(),1,"Jim");//第一个参数是对象,后几个是普通方法参数列表的几个参数
System.out.println(object);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
结果:
class Student
public static
int
int
[Ljava.lang.String;
正在做作业
1
V、获取成员变量
一、权限是public
public class Student {
public static String name;
public Student(){
}
public Student(String name){
this.name=name;
}
}
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchFieldException {
Class clazz = Student.class;
Field field = clazz.getField("name");
System.out.println(field.getName());
}
}
结果:
name
二、不区分访问权限
public class Student {
private static String name;
public Student(){
}
public Student(String name){
this.name=name;
}
}
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Class clazz = Student.class;
Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField("name");
//getDeclaringClass() 接口或类
clazz = field.getDeclaringClass();
System.out.println(clazz.getName());
//getModifiers() 修饰符
int mod = field.getModifiers();
System.out.println(Modifier.toString(mod));
//getType() 数据类型
clazz = field.getType();
System.out.println(clazz.getName());
//getGenericType() 声明类型
Type type = field.getGenericType();
System.out.println(type);
//getName() 属性名
System.out.println(field.getName());
field.setAccessible(true);
//赋值
Student student = new Student();
field.set(student,"110");
Object object = field.get(student);
System.out.println(object);
}
}
结果为
Student
private static
java.lang.String
class java.lang.String
name
110