指针与复制构造函数

#指针与复制构造函数

#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

struct Node
{
    char *name;
    int age;
    Node(char *n=" ",int a=0)
    {
        name = strdup(n);//strdup()在内部调用了malloc()为变量分配内存，不需要使用返回的字符串时，
                       //需要用free()释放相应的内存空间，否则会造成内存泄漏。
        age = a;
    }
    Node(const Node & n)//copy constructor
    {
        name = strdup(n.name); //Allocate memory internally
        age = n.age;
    }
//    Node & operator=(const Node & n)
//    {
//      if(this!=&n)
//      {
//          if(name!=0) free(name);
//          name = strdup(n.name);
//          age = n.age;
//      }
//      return *this;//*this is the object itself
//    }
    ~Node()
    {
        if(name!=0)free(name);//As for a char character, number 0 standard for \0;
    }
};

int main()
{
    cout << "Hello world ! For a long time!" << endl;

    Node node1("A",10), node2(node1), node3 = node1;//<=======call default copy constructor
    strcpy(node1.name, "B");
    node1.age=20;
    cout << "have copy constructor but no operator =:\n" << "node1.name:" << node1.name << "\tnode2.name:" << node2.name << "\tnode3.name:" << node3.name << endl;
    cout << "node1.age:" << node1.age << "\tnode2.age:" << node2.age << "\tnode3.age:" << node3.age << endl;

//    No copy constructor but operator =:
//    node1.name:B    node2.name:B    node3.name:B
//    node1.age:20    node2.age:10    node3.age:10

//    have copy constructor but no operator =:   <====It seems that operator = have no influence........
//    node1.name:B    node2.name:A    node3.name:A
//    node1.age:20    node2.age:10    node3.age:10

//    编译器的默认复制构造函数只是逐个复制，node2.name指针没有指向重新分配内存空间，而是直接将node1.name指针指向的地址复制过去，
//    两个指针指向同一内存！！！因此存在指针的情况必须定义复制构造函数


    return 0;
}