Python基础学习笔记第三章续——操作列表及for循环

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41116319/article/details/125129382

文章目录

1. 遍历整个列表:for循环注:冒号与缩进

bicycles = ['trek','cannondale','redline','specialized']
for bicycle in bicycles:    
#注：冒号不要忘记                                                          
    print(bicycle) 

#输出为trek                   注：不要忘记缩进    
#cannondale                                                                    
#redline
#specialized

2. 创建数值列表

for value in range(1,5):
   print(value)

#输出为1
#2
#3
#4
#注：从第一个值开始，不包括最后一个值

3. 创建数字列表

numbers = list(range(1,6))
print(numbers)                                                                         

#输出为[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

4. 函数range指定步长

numbers = list(range(1,11,2))
print(numbers)

#输出为[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]

5. append()的用法

#方法一：
squares = []
for value in range (1,11):
    square = value ** 2
    squares.append(square)
print(squares)   

#输出为[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]                                                                         
                                                                                                             
#方法二：
squares = [value ** 2 for value in range(1,11)]
print(squares)

6. 对列表执行简单的统计运算

digits = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0]
print(min(digits))
#输出0                                                                          
                                                                                                             
print(max(digits))
#输出9
                                                                                                             
print(sum(digits)) 
#输出45

7. 列表的切片

players = ['charles','martina','michael','florence','eli']
print(players[0:3])
#输出为['charles', 'martina', 'michael']

#注：最后一个数同样取不到                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
print(players[1:4])
#输出为['martina', 'michael', 'florence']
                                                                                                             
print(players[:4])
#输出为['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence']
                                                                                                             
print(players[2:])
#输出为['michael', 'florence', 'eli']
                                                                                                             
print(players[-3:])
#输出为['michael', 'florence', 'eli']

8. 遍历切片

players = ['charles','martina','michael','florence','eli']
for player in players[:3]:
    print(player.title())

#输出为Charles
#Martina
#Michael

9. 复制列表

my_foods = ['pizza','falafel','carrot cake']
friend_foods = my_foods[:]
print(friend_foods)
#输出为['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake']
                                                                                                            
my_foods.append('cannoli')
friend_foods.append('ice cream')
print(my_foods)
#输出['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake', 'cannoli']
                                                                                                             
print(friend_foods)
#输出['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake', 'ice cream']

10. 元组：Python将不可修改的值称为不可变的，而不可变的列表被称为元组

dimensions = (200,50)
print(dimensions[0])
print(dimensions[1])
#输出200
#50
                                                                                                               
#遍历元组中的所有值
dimensions = (200,50)
for dimension in dimensions:
    print(dimension)
#输出200
#50

#修改元组变量：虽然不能修改元组元素，但可以给储存元组的变量赋值
dimensions = (200,50)
for dimension in dimensions:
    print(dimension)
dimensions = (400,100)
for dimension in dimensions:
    print(dimension)
#输出为200
#50
#400
#100    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
#注：Python代码每级缩进都使用四个空格；要将程序的不同部分分开，可使用空行（空行不会影响代码的运行，但会影响代码的可读性）；