JAVA.SE JUnit单元测试 NIO

1.JUnit单元测试

单元测试：
Java中一个单元可以指一个方法，或是指某个类
测试，对一段代码的测试
Junit是一个单元测试的第三方框架

1.1 JUnit 的 使用步骤

不需要下载开发工具自带
具体案例：

package com.itcast.text01;

import org.junit.Test;

public class TextDemo01 {


    @Test
    public void test01(){
        Demo01 dd = new Demo01();
        int sum = dd.getSum(10, 20, 40);
        System.out.println(sum);

    }

    @Test
    public void text02(){
        Demo01 dd = new Demo01();
        int sum = dd.getSum(11, 22, 33);
        System.out.println(sum);

    }
}

只需要加上注解

1.2JUnit 的其他四个注解

@Before该方法在所有的@Test方法执前执行
@After 该方法在所有的@Test方法后执行
@BeforeClass该方法在所有的@Test方法执行前执行
@AfterClass该方法在所有的T@est方法之后执行

package com.itcast.text01;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TextDemo01 {


    @Before
    public void test003(){
        System.out.println("我在所有的@Test方法之后执行");
    }
    @After
    public void test001(){
        System.out.println("我在所有的@Test方法之后执行");
    }

    @Test
    public void test01(){
        Demo01 dd = new Demo01();
        int sum = dd.getSum(10, 20, 40);
        System.out.println(sum);

    }

    @Test
    public void text02(){
        Demo01 dd = new Demo01();
        int sum = dd.getSum(11, 22, 33);
        System.out.println(sum);

    }
}

2.NIO 介绍

2.1 阻塞与非阻塞

阻塞完成某个任务时，任务没有结束之前，当前线程无法向下执行
非阻塞： 完成某个任务时，不需要等待任务结束，线程继续向下执行，后期再通过其他方法继续向下执行

2.2 同步与异步

同步：同步可能是阻塞的也可能时非阻塞的，
同步阻塞：
完成一个任务时，当前任务没有完成，该线程无法继续进行下一个任务
同步非阻塞：
完成某个任务不需要等待，当前线程可以继续向下执行
异步，完成某个任务时，不需要等待，当前线程会继续向下执行
，后期我们不需要写代码获取结果
BIO：传统的IO，同步阻塞IO，
NIO：同步阻塞也可以是同步非阻塞，由buffer缓冲区，Channel通道，selector选择器
NIO2：异步非阻塞状态

3.NIO-buffer类

3.1介绍

buffer缓冲区，本质上使一个数组，
buffer的一般操作步骤
写入缓冲区，把数据读取到数组中
调用flip方法，切换缓冲区的 默认读写方法
读缓冲区
调用clear、方法或者compact方法清空缓冲区已经读取的数据
buffer 的种类
ByteBuffer字节缓冲区（字节数组）
charbuffer字符缓冲区（字符数组）
DoubleBufferdouble缓冲区（小数数组）
FloatBuffer FloatBuffer（小数数组）
IntBuffer长整型数组（长整型数组）
shortBuffer短整型数组

package com.itcast.text01;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

public class Demo03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //在JVM虚拟机中创建
        ByteBuffer allocate = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
        //直接和操作系统申请
        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(10);
        //wrap属于间接缓冲区
        byte[] bytes = new byte[10];
        ByteBuffer wrap = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
        
    }
}

3.2 ByteBuffer 的三种数据添加方式

package com.itcast.text01;

import java.nio.Buffer;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class Demo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //bytebuffer的三种数据添加方式
        ByteBuffer allocate = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
        System.out.println(allocate);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        allocate.put((byte) 30);
        allocate.put((byte) 40);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));
        //java.nio.HeapByteBuffer[pos=0 lim=10 cap=10]
        //[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
        //[10, 20, 30, 40, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

        byte[] bs = {20, 40, 60};
        allocate.put(bs, 1, 2);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));
        //[10, 20, 30, 40, 40, 60, 0, 0, 0, 0]

    }
}

3.3 ByteBuffer的容量capacity

什么是容器，指的是buffer最多包含多少个数，并且buffer一旦创建，容量无法更改

package com.itcast.text01;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

public class demo04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ByteBuffer allocate = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);

        int capacity = allocate.capacity();
        System.out.println("容量为：" + capacity);

    }
}

3.4ByteBuffer de 限制limit

什么是限制，指的是第一个不能操作的元素的索引，0-capcity
限制作用：相当于认为修改，缓冲区的大小，实际上缓冲区的大小没有发生改变

package com.itcast.text01;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.nio.Buffer;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.jar.Attributes;

public class demo05 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ByteBuffer allocate = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));
        System.out.println("缓冲区限制：" + allocate.limit());
        Buffer limit = allocate.limit(3);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));

        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));

    }
}

3.5ByteBuffer 的位置-position

什么是位置：，将数据读或者写入的索引，位置范围（0-capacity/limit）

package com.itcast.text01;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class demo06 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ByteBuffer allocate = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
        System.out.println(allocate.array());

        System.out.println(allocate.capacity());
        System.out.println(allocate.limit());

        System.out.println(allocate.position());
        //添加数据
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));
        System.out.println(allocate.capacity());
        System.out.println(allocate.position());
        System.out.println(allocate.limit());
        System.out.println("修改当前位置为2");
        allocate.position(2);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));
        System.out.println(allocate.capacity());
        System.out.println(allocate.limit());
        System.out.println(allocate.position());

    }
}

3.6 ByteBufferde 标记 mark

package com.itcast.text01;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class Demo07 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ByteBuffer allocate = ByteBuffer.allocate(15);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.put((byte) 10);
        allocate.mark();
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        allocate.put((byte) 20);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));
        allocate.reset();
        allocate.put((byte) 30);
        allocate.put((byte) 30);
        allocate.put((byte) 30);
        allocate.put((byte) 30);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(allocate.array()));
//[10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 20, 20, 20, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
//[10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 30, 30, 30, 30, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

    }
}

3.7 ByteBuffer的其他方法：

remaining（）； 获取position与limit之间的元素
isReadOnly（） 获取当缓冲区是否为只读
isDirect（）；获取当前缓冲区是否为只读缓冲区
public Buffer clear();清空缓冲区

4 通道Chanel

4.1 通道的介绍

什么是Channel：Channel 是一个读写的数据类，与IO相似，最大的区别为IO有Input OutPut之分
通道Channel的分类
File Channel文件通道，读写文件
DATa gram Channel UDP协议通道，通过UDP收发数据
SocketChannel TCP客户端通道，给客户端读写数据
Server Socket TCP协议中服务端通道

4.2模拟文件复制：

package com.itcast.text02;

import java.io.*;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;

public class Demo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        File srcFile = new File("copy01.png");
        File destFile = new File("copy02.png");
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(srcFile);
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(destFile);
        FileChannel channel = fileInputStream.getChannel();
        FileChannel channel1 = fileOutputStream.getChannel();
        ByteBuffer allocate = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        int len =0;
        while ((len = channel.read(allocate)) != -1) {
            allocate.flip();
            channel1.write(allocate);

            allocate.clear();
        }

        channel.close();
        channel1.close();
        fileInputStream.close();
        fileOutputStream.close();


    }
}

4.3 FileChannel 的高效读写

案例代码：

package com.itcast.text02;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;

public class Demo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        RandomAccessFile srcFile = new RandomAccessFile("E:\\daima\\JAVASE_advanced\\day01.zip", "r");
        RandomAccessFile destFile = new RandomAccessFile("copy01.zip", "rw");
        FileChannel inChannel = srcFile.getChannel();
        FileChannel destChannel = destFile.getChannel();
        int size = (int) inChannel.size();
        MappedByteBuffer inmap = inChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, size);
        MappedByteBuffer outmap = destChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, size);
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            byte b = inmap.get(i);
            outmap.put(i, b);

        }
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("时间" + (end - start));
        destChannel.close();
        inChannel.close();

    }
}

4.4SocketChannel和ServerSocketChannel的实现连接

代码实现：

package com.itcast.text02;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

public class Demo04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8888));
        System.out.println("服务器创建成功");

        SocketChannel channel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
        System.out.println("接收客户端请求");
        channel.close();
        serverSocketChannel.close();

    }
}

package com.itcast.text02;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

public class Demo05 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
        socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 8888));
        System.out.println("向服务器发送请求");


        socketChannel.close();

    }
}

4.5 SocketChannel和ServerSocketChannel的实现通信

代码实现：

package com.itcast.text02;

import com.sun.scenario.animation.shared.ClipEnvelope;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

public class Demo06 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9999));
        System.out.println("服务器启动成功");
        SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();

        System.out.println("有客户端连接");
        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        int len = socketChannel.read(byteBuffer);
        byteBuffer.flip();
        String s = new String(byteBuffer.array(),0, len);
        System.out.println("客户端说：" + s);
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        buffer.put("hello我是服务器".getBytes());
        buffer.flip();
        socketChannel.write(buffer);
        socketChannel.close();
        serverSocketChannel.close();

    }
}




package com.itcast.text02;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

public class Demo07 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();

        boolean b = socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9999));
        if (b) {
            System.out.println("服务器连接成功");
            ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap("hello，我是客户端".getBytes());
            socketChannel.write(byteBuffer);
            ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
            int len = socketChannel.read(buffer);
            buffer.flip();
            System.out.println(new String(buffer.array(),0,len));
            socketChannel.close();
            System.out.println("通道关闭");
        }
    }
}