设计模式——行为型模式_策略模式

• 代码
• 总结

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1. 类图

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2. 代码

• 策略相关
  • 策略总接口

public interface Strategy {
   public int doOperation(int num1, int num2);
}

• 策略实现类：具体策略

public class OperationAdd implements Strategy{
   @Override
   public int doOperation(int num1, int num2) {
      return num1 + num2;
   }
}

public class OperationSubtract implements Strategy{
   @Override
   public int doOperation(int num1, int num2) {
      return num1 - num2;
   }
}

public class OperationMultiply implements Strategy{
   @Override
   public int doOperation(int num1, int num2) {
      return num1 * num2;
   }
}

• Context类（封装策略）

public class Context {
   private Strategy strategy;
 
   public Context(Strategy strategy){
      this.strategy = strategy;
   }
 
   public int executeStrategy(int num1, int num2){
      return strategy.doOperation(num1, num2);
   }
}

• 客户端调用

public class StrategyPatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Context context = new Context(new OperationAdd());    
      System.out.println("10 + 5 = " + context.executeStrategy(10, 5));
 
      context = new Context(new OperationSubtract());      
      System.out.println("10 - 5 = " + context.executeStrategy(10, 5));
 
      context = new Context(new OperationMultiply());    
      System.out.println("10 * 5 = " + context.executeStrategy(10, 5));
   }
}

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3. 总结

• 优点：
  • 扩展性良好，增加一个策略只需实现接口即可
  • 避免用if else判断
• 缺点：
  • 策略类数量会增多，每个策略都是一个类，复用的可能性很小
  • 所有的策略类都需要对外暴露

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