最近一段时间刚好遇到了权限控制的问题，今天写一下自己的感悟与理解。
首先说一下什么是Shiro，ApacheShiro是一个功能强大、灵活的，开源的安全框架,它内部集成了很多安全机制，只需要我们配置，利用就好。下面说一下Shiro架构的三个主要的理念：
-
Subject：当前用户，Subject 可以是一个人，但也可以是第三方服务、守护进程帐户、时钟守护任务或者其它–当前和软件交互的任何事件。
-
SecurityManager：管理所有Subject，SecurityManager 是 Shiro 架构的核心，配合内部安全组件共同组成安全伞。
-
Realms：用于进行权限信息的验证，我们自己实现。Realm 本质上是一个特定的安全 DAO：它封装与数据源连接的细节，得到Shiro 所需的相关的数据。在配置 Shiro 的时候，你必须指定至少一个Realm 来实现认证（authentication）和/或授权（authorization）
了解了这三个重要的理念之后就开始说一下项目的整体思路吧：
项目通过赋予角色权限增加角色的访问权利，又通过赋予用户不同的角色来控制登录用户所拥有的权限。
首先肯定是必须要用到shiro框架给我集成好的一些方法和技术，所以就开始shiro的配置，shiro对权限的控制使用的是过滤器，还必须实现登录认证、权限控制的方法以及通过realm来获取数据。配置好这些之后呢，就可以开始代码的编写了，这里还需要强调几个点：
第一呢，为了保证框架的性能，使用的是redis进行缓存，
第二呢，给密码加密的方法是使用了MD5，为了保证登录的时候顺利通过登录认证，必须在用户增加的时候给密码进行加密，在登录认证的时候也需要给密码加密以验证数据库中的密码。Shiro能做的东西很多，这里我只是进行了简单的登录认真和权限控制，下面详细说一下代码吧，相信结合上面我的思路大家可以更清晰的学习代码。 -
`首先是pom依赖，里面有挺多不认识的依赖的话，多上网查一下，有助于理解代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
4.0.0<groupId>com.study</groupId> <artifactId>springboot-shiro</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>springboot-shiro</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId> <artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.0.29</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <!--NekoHTML 是一个简单地HTML扫描器和标签补偿器(tag balancer) ,使得程序能解析HTML文档并用标准的XML接口来访问其中的信息。--> <dependency> <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId> <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId> <version>1.9.22</version> </dependency> <!--可以在thymeleaf中使用自定义标签并配合权限灵活的控制网页上的组件显示与否。--> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId> <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId> <version>1.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.crazycake</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-redis</artifactId> <version>2.4.2.1-RELEASE</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> <!--自动生成mapper和pojo文件--> <plugin> <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.3.5</version> <configuration> <configurationFile>${basedir}/src/main/resources/generator/generatorConfig.xml</configurationFile> <overwrite>true</overwrite> <verbose>true</verbose> </configuration> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mapper</artifactId> <version>3.4.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </plugin> </plugins> </build> -
接着就是shiro需要的配置
1.redis的配置
`package com.study.config;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
@Value("${spring.redis.host}")
private String host;
@Value("${spring.redis.port}")
private int port;
@Value("${spring.redis.timeout}")
private int timeout;
@Value("${spring.redis.pool.max-idle}")
private int maxIdle;
@Value("${spring.redis.pool.max-wait}")
private long maxWaitMillis;
@Bean
public JedisPool redisPoolFactory() {
Logger.getLogger(getClass()).info("JedisPool注入成功！！");
Logger.getLogger(getClass()).info("redis地址：" + host + ":" + port);
JedisPoolConfig jedisPoolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
jedisPoolConfig.setMaxIdle(maxIdle);
jedisPoolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(maxWaitMillis);
JedisPool jedisPool = new JedisPool(jedisPoolConfig, host, port, timeout);
return jedisPool;
}
}
`
2.shiro的配置
package com.study.config;
import at.pollux.thymeleaf.shiro.dialect.ShiroDialect;
import com.github.pagehelper.util.StringUtil;
import com.study.model.Resources;
import com.study.service.ResourcesService;
import com.study.shiro.MyShiroRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager;
import org.crazycake.shiro.RedisCacheManager;
import org.crazycake.shiro.RedisManager;
import org.crazycake.shiro.RedisSessionDAO;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Created by yangqj on 2017/4/23.
*/
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
@Autowired(required = false)
private ResourcesService resourcesService;
@Value("${spring.redis.host}")
private String host;
@Value("${spring.redis.port}")
private int port;
@Value("${spring.redis.timeout}")
private int timeout;
@Value("${spring.redis.password}")
private String password;
@Bean
public static LifecycleBeanPostProcessor getLifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {
return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();
}
/**
* ShiroDialect，为了在thymeleaf里使用shiro的标签的bean
* @return
*/
@Bean
public ShiroDialect shiroDialect() {
return new ShiroDialect();
}
/**
* ShiroFilterFactoryBean 处理拦截资源文件问题。
* 注意：单独一个ShiroFilterFactoryBean配置是或报错的，因为在
* 初始化ShiroFilterFactoryBean的时候需要注入：SecurityManager
*
Filter Chain定义说明
1、一个URL可以配置多个Filter，使用逗号分隔
2、当设置多个过滤器时，全部验证通过，才视为通过
3、部分过滤器可指定参数，如perms，roles
*
*/
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shirFilter(SecurityManager securityManager){
System.out.println("ShiroConfiguration.shirFilter()");
ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
// 必须设置 SecurityManager
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
// 如果不设置默认会自动寻找Web工程根目录下的"/login.jsp"页面
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login");
// 登录成功后要跳转的链接
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/usersPage");
//未授权界面;
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/403");
//拦截器.
Map<String,String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();
//配置退出 过滤器,其中的具体的退出代码Shiro已经替我们实现了
filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/logout", "logout");
filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/css/**","anon");
filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/js/**","anon");
filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/img/**","anon");
filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/font-awesome/**","anon");
//<!-- 过滤链定义，从上向下顺序执行，一般将 /**放在最为下边 -->:这是一个坑呢，一不小心代码就不好使了;
//<!-- authc:所有url都必须认证通过才可以访问; anon:所有url都都可以匿名访问-->
//自定义加载权限资源关系
List<Resources> resourcesList = resourcesService.queryAll();
for(Resources resources:resourcesList){
if (StringUtil.isNotEmpty(resources.getResurl())) {
String permission = "perms[" + resources.getResurl()+ "]";
filterChainDefinitionMap.put(resources.getResurl(),permission);
}
}
// filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "anon");
filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "authc");
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);
return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
}
@Bean
public SecurityManager securityManager(){
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
//设置realm.
securityManager.setRealm(myShiroRealm());
// 自定义缓存实现 使用redis
securityManager.setCacheManager(cacheManager());
// 自定义session管理 使用redis
securityManager.setSessionManager(sessionManager());
return securityManager;
}
@Bean
public MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm(){
MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm = new MyShiroRealm();
myShiroRealm.setCredentialsMatcher(hashedCredentialsMatcher());
return myShiroRealm;
}
/**
* 凭证匹配器
* （由于我们的密码校验交给Shiro的SimpleAuthenticationInfo进行处理了
* 所以我们需要修改下doGetAuthenticationInfo中的代码;
* ）
* @return
*/
@Bean
public HashedCredentialsMatcher hashedCredentialsMatcher(){
HashedCredentialsMatcher hashedCredentialsMatcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher();
hashedCredentialsMatcher.setHashAlgorithmName("md5");//散列算法:这里使用MD5算法;
hashedCredentialsMatcher.setHashIterations(2);//散列的次数，比如散列两次，相当于 md5(md5(""));
return hashedCredentialsMatcher;
}
/**
* 开启shiro aop注解支持.
* 使用代理方式;所以需要开启代码支持;
* @param securityManager
* @return
*/
@Bean
public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager){
AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
}
/**
* 配置shiro redisManager
* 使用的是shiro-redis开源插件
* @return
*/
public RedisManager redisManager() {
RedisManager redisManager = new RedisManager();
redisManager.setHost(host);
redisManager.setPort(port);
redisManager.setExpire(1800);// 配置缓存过期时间
redisManager.setTimeout(timeout);
// redisManager.setPassword(password);
return redisManager;
}
/**
* cacheManager 缓存 redis实现
* 使用的是shiro-redis开源插件
* @return
*/
public RedisCacheManager cacheManager() {
RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager = new RedisCacheManager();
redisCacheManager.setRedisManager(redisManager());
return redisCacheManager;
}
/**
* RedisSessionDAO shiro sessionDao层的实现 通过redis
* 使用的是shiro-redis开源插件
*/
@Bean
public RedisSessionDAO redisSessionDAO() {
RedisSessionDAO redisSessionDAO = new RedisSessionDAO();
redisSessionDAO.setRedisManager(redisManager());
return redisSessionDAO;
}
/**
* shiro session的管理
*/
@Bean
public DefaultWebSessionManager sessionManager() {
DefaultWebSessionManager sessionManager = new DefaultWebSessionManager();
sessionManager.setSessionDAO(redisSessionDAO());
return sessionManager;
}
}
3.Realm的配置
package com.study.shiro;
import com.study.model.Resources;
import com.study.model.User;
import com.study.service.ResourcesService;
import com.study.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.RealmSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.SimplePrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DefaultSubjectContext;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;
import org.crazycake.shiro.RedisSessionDAO;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.*;
/**
* Created by yangqj on 2017/4/21.
*/
public class MyShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Resource
private UserService userService;
@Resource
private ResourcesService resourcesService;
@Autowired
private RedisSessionDAO redisSessionDAO;
//授权
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
//查出来用户之后，根据id查看用户的角色和权限
User user= (User) SecurityUtils.getSubject().getPrincipal();//User{id=1, username='admin', password='3ef7164d1f6167cb9f2658c07d3c2f0a', enable=1}
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
map.put("userid",user.getId());
List<Resources> resourcesList = resourcesService.loadUserResources(map);
// 权限信息对象info,用来存放查出的用户的所有的角色（role）及权限（permission）
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
for(Resources resources: resourcesList){
info.addStringPermission(resources.getResurl());
}
return info;
}
//认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
//获取用户的输入的账号.
String username = (String)token.getPrincipal();
User user = userService.selectByUsername(username);
if(user==null) throw new UnknownAccountException();
// 判断用户的状态是否为可用
if (0==user.getEnable()) {
throw new LockedAccountException(); // 帐号锁定
}
SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
user, //用户
user.getPassword(), //密码
ByteSource.Util.bytes(username),
getName() //realm name
);
// 当验证都通过后，把用户信息放在session里
Session session = SecurityUtils.getSubject().getSession();
session.setAttribute("userSession", user);
session.setAttribute("userSessionId", user.getId());
return authenticationInfo;
}
/**
* 根据userId 清除当前session存在的用户的权限缓存
* @param userIds 已经修改了权限的userId
*/
public void clearUserAuthByUserId(List<Integer> userIds){
if(null == userIds || userIds.size() == 0) return ;
//获取所有session
Collection<Session> sessions = redisSessionDAO.getActiveSessions();
//定义返回
List<SimplePrincipalCollection> list = new ArrayList<SimplePrincipalCollection>();
for (Session session:sessions){
//获取session登录信息。
Object obj = session.getAttribute(DefaultSubjectContext.PRINCIPALS_SESSION_KEY);
if(null != obj && obj instanceof SimplePrincipalCollection){
//强转
SimplePrincipalCollection spc = (SimplePrincipalCollection)obj;
//判断用户，匹配用户ID。
obj = spc.getPrimaryPrincipal();
if(null != obj && obj instanceof User){
User user = (User) obj;
System.out.println("user:"+user);
//比较用户ID，符合即加入集合
if(null != user && userIds.contains(user.getId())){
list.add(spc);
}
}
}
}
RealmSecurityManager securityManager =
(RealmSecurityManager) SecurityUtils.getSecurityManager();
MyShiroRealm realm = (MyShiroRealm)securityManager.getRealms().iterator().next();
for (SimplePrincipalCollection simplePrincipalCollection : list) {
realm.clearCachedAuthorizationInfo(simplePrincipalCollection);
}
}
}
重点说了一下配置，具体的代码呢大家参考一下github
https://github.com/ityouknow/spring-boot-examples
参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/ityouknow/article/details/73836159
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