JAVA类BigDecimal总结

======================写法==========================

BigDecimal num1 = new BigDecimal(2.212367);//这种写法不允许，会造成精度损失

BigDecimal num2 = new BigDecimal(4);//这种写法是可以的

BigDecimal num = new BigDecimal("2.22124217");//一般都会这样写最好
int count = num.scale();
System.out.println(count);//6 返回的是小数点后位数

===================去除不需要的值=====================

//去后缀0
BigDecimal bd = new BigDecimal("12000.87100");
bd = bd.stripTrailingZeros();
System.out.println(bd);
bd = new BigDecimal("1.2E-3");
// bd = new BigDecimal("1.2E+3");
//去科学记数
if(bd.scale()<0){
bd = bd.setScale(0);
}
System.out.println(bd);
//保留N位小数. N=5:
bd = new BigDecimal("12000.873000");
bd = bd.setScale(5, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);
System.out.println(bd);

==================setScale枚举介绍====================

1. ROUND_DOWN

BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal("2.225667").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_DOWN);
System.out.println(b);//2.22 直接去掉多余的位数

2. ROUND_UP

BigDecimal c = new BigDecimal("2.224667").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_UP);
System.out.println(c);//2.23 跟上面相反，进位处理

3. ROUND_CEILING

BigDecimal f = new BigDecimal("2.224667").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_CEILING);
System.out.println(f);//2.23 如果是正数，相当于BigDecimal.ROUND_UP
 
BigDecimal g = new BigDecimal("-2.225667").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_CEILING);
System.out.println(g);//-2.22 如果是负数，相当于BigDecimal.ROUND_DOWN

4. ROUND_FLOOR

BigDecimal h = new BigDecimal("2.225667").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_FLOOR);
System.out.println(h);//2.22 如果是正数，相当于BigDecimal.ROUND_DOWN
        
BigDecimal i = new BigDecimal("-2.224667").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_FLOOR);
System.out.println(i);//-2.23 如果是负数，相当于BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP

5. ROUND_HALF_UP

BigDecimal d = new BigDecimal("2.225").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);
System.out.println("ROUND_HALF_UP"+d); //2.23  四舍五入（若舍弃部分>=.5，就进位）

6. ROUND_HALF_DOWN

BigDecimal e = new BigDecimal("2.225").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_DOWN);
System.out.println("ROUND_HALF_DOWN"+e);//2.22  四舍五入（若舍弃部分>.5,就进位）

7. ROUND_HALF_EVEN

BigDecimal j = new BigDecimal("2.225").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_EVEN);
System.out.println(j);//2.22 如果舍弃部分左边的数字为偶数，则作   ROUND_HALF_DOWN 
        
BigDecimal k = new BigDecimal("2.215").setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_EVEN);
System.out.println(k);//2.22 如果舍弃部分左边的数字为奇数，则作   ROUND_HALF_UP
        
        
    System.out.println("************************************");
        
    System.out.println("4.05: "+new BigDecimal("4.05").setScale(1, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_EVEN));//4.05: 4.0  down
    System.out.println("4.15: "+new BigDecimal("4.15").setScale(1, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_EVEN));//4.15: 4.2  up
    System.out.println("4.25: "+new BigDecimal("4.25").setScale(1, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_EVEN));//4.25: 4.2  down
        
    System.out.println("3.05: "+new BigDecimal("3.05").setScale(1, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_EVEN));//3.05: 3.0  down
    System.out.println("3.15: "+new BigDecimal("3.15").setScale(1, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_EVEN));//3.15: 3.2  up
    System.out.println("3.65: "+new BigDecimal("3.65").setScale(1, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_EVEN));//3.65: 3.6  down

8.ROUND_UNNECESSARY

BigDecimal l = new BigDecimal("2.215").setScale(3, BigDecimal.ROUND_UNNECESSARY);
System.out.println(l);
//断言请求的操作具有精确的结果，因此不需要舍入。
//如果对获得精确结果的操作指定此舍入模式，则抛出ArithmeticException。

===================解决保留几位小数自动去0问题=====================

    //返回String,两数除保留scale位整数
    public static String divideString(double d1, double d2, int scale){
        BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(String.valueOf(d1/d2));

   //根据scale自定义出format
        StringBuilder format = new StringBuilder("0."); 
        for(int i=0;i<scale;i++){
            format.append(0);
        }
        DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat(format.toString());
        return  df.format(big.setScale(scale,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP));
    }

===========================应用代码=============================

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
/**
 * @Auther  James_Gosling
 * @Date  2021-4-14
 * @Version 1.0
 * @Desc 计算工具类，运算并保留小数
 */

public class MathTool {
    //自动去0，返回double,加
    public static double add(double d1, double d2, int scale){
        BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(String.valueOf(d1+d2));
        return  big.setScale(scale,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP).doubleValue();
    }
    //自动去0，返回double,减
    public static double minus(double d1, double d2, int scale){
        BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(d1-d2);
        System.out.println(big);
        return  big.setScale(scale,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP).doubleValue();
    }
    //自动去0，返回double,乘
    public static double  multiply(double d1, double d2, int scale){
        BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(d1*d2);
        return  big.setScale(scale,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP).doubleValue();
    }
    //自动去0，返回double,除
    public static double divide(double d1, double d2, int scale){
        BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(d1/d2);
        System.out.println(big);
        return  big.setScale(scale,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP).doubleValue();
    }
    //返回String,加
    public static String addString(double d1, double d2, int scale){
        BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(String.valueOf(d1+d2));
        StringBuilder format = new StringBuilder("0.");
        for(int i=0;i<scale;i++){
            format.append(0);
        }
        DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat(format.toString());
        return  df.format(big.setScale(scale,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP));
    }
    //返回String,减
    public static String minusString(double d1, double d2, int scale){
        BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(String.valueOf(d1-d2));
        StringBuilder format = new StringBuilder("0.");
        for(int i=0;i<scale;i++){
            format.append(0);
        }
        DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat(format.toString());
        return  df.format(big.setScale(scale,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP));
    }
    //返回String,乘
    public static String  multiplyString(double d1, double d2, int scale){
        BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(String.valueOf(d1*d2));
        StringBuilder format = new StringBuilder("0.");
        for(int i=0;i<scale;i++){
            format.append(0);
        }
        DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat(format.toString());
        return  df.format(big.setScale(scale,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP));
    }
    //返回String,除
    public static String divideString(double d1, double d2, int scale){
        BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(String.valueOf(d1/d2));
        StringBuilder format = new StringBuilder("0.");
        for(int i=0;i<scale;i++){
            format.append(0);
        }
        DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat(format.toString());
        return  df.format(big.setScale(scale,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP));
    }
}