使用篇-SpringMVC简单使用实例分享

3.springmvc

3.1.基础xml配置

web.xml

<!--前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-web.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

springmvc配置文件

spring-web.xml

	<!--ioc注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ujiuye"/>
    <!--mvc注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--试图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" name="resolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

编写controller

@RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        log.info("{}","hello");
        return "index";
    }

3.2.基础注解配置

webApp启动器

/**
* 前端控制器
 * */
public class MyWebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class<?>[] { MyWebConfig.class };
    }

    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[] { "/" };
    }
}

springmvc配置类

/**
 * springmvc配置类
 * */
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc   //mvc注解驱动
@ComponentScan({"com.ujiuye.controller","com.ujiuye.exception"}) //组件扫描
public class MyWebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    //试图解析器
    @Bean
    public InternalResourceViewResolver internalResourceViewResolver(){
        InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        viewResolver.setPrefix("/");
        viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        return viewResolver;
    }

    //静态资源处理
    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
        configurer.enable();
    }
}

编写controller

@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @GetMapping("/demo1")
    public String demo1(){
        System.out.println("hello....");
        return "index";
    }
    @GetMapping("/demo2")
    public String demo2() throws WebException {

        throw new WebException("对不起！服务器很忙，程序员努力抢修中。。。");
    }
}

3.3.全局异常处理器

自定义异常类

public class WebException extends Exception {

    public WebException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

定义异常处理器

/**
 * 全局异常处理器
 * */
@Component
public class WebHandlerExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) {
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("msg",e.getMessage());
        mv.setViewName("WEB-INF/pages/error");
        return mv;
    }
}

将此组件加到容器中

@Component +组件扫描

3.4.文件上传

文件解析器（web启动类）

//文件解析器
@Override
protected void customizeRegistration(ServletRegistration.Dynamic registration) {
    registration.setMultipartConfig(new MultipartConfigElement("d:\\"));
}

前台代码

<form action="upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="file">
    <input type="submit">
</form>

controller

@Controller
public class UploadController {

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    @ResponseBody
    public String upload(MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        file.transferTo(new File("d:\\temp\\"+fileName));
        return "ok!";
    }
}

3.5.restful风格

添加restful支持

//支持restful
@Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
    return new Filter[]{new CharacterEncodingFilter(),new HiddenHttpMethodFilter()};
}

使用

<a href="/demo3/100">restful方式的get请求</a>

@GetMapping("/demo3/{id}")
@ResponseBody
public String demo3(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
    System.out.println("demo3..."+id);
    return "ok";
}

3.6.拦截器

定义拦截器

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("拦截到。。。。");
        return true;
    }
}

添加到容器

//添加拦截器
@Bean
public HandlerInterceptor myInterceptor(){
    return new MyInterceptor();
}

springmvc配置类配置

//拦截器
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
    registry.addInterceptor(myInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**");
}