Listener
- Listener:监听器,javaweb三大组件之一
- 监听器的作用
- 监听事件的发生
- 事件发生后触发相应的处理函数
- 监听器
- ServletRequest
- ServletContext,代表当前整个web应用,一个就ServletContext
- HttpSession,session对象
- 八个监听器,三大类,都是接口,可以再j2ee文档查到
- 生命周期监听器,监听三个对象的生命周期(创建到销毁)
1)ServletRequestListener
- requestDestroyed:请求结束就销毁
- requestInitialized:发送请求就初始化
- web.xml
<!-- 配置监听器的详细信息 --> <listener> <!-- 全类名 --> <listener-class>com.aiguigu.listener.lifecycle.RequestLifeListener</listener-class> </listener>
- java
public class RequestLifeListener implements ServletRequestListener{ @Override public void requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent sre) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("request对象销毁。。。。"); //sre作用 //1.获取servletContext //2.获取servletRequest,当前的请求 } @Override public void requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent sre) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("request对象初始化。。。。"); } }
2)ServletContextListener:项目加载进服务器创建对象,项目卸载销毁
web.xml
<!-- 配置监听器的详细信息 --> <listener> <!-- 全类名 --> <listener-class>com.aiguigu.listener.lifecycle.ApplicationLifeListener</listener-class> </listener>
java
public class ApplicationLifeListener implements ServletContextListener{ @Override public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("ServletContext初始化"); //1.sce可以获取当前web应用对应的ServletContext对象 sce.getServletContext(); } @Override public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("ServletContext销毁"); } }
3)HttpSessionListener:新会话进来的时候创建对象,session失效销毁(强制失效,超时)第一次使用创建对象
web.xml
<!-- 配置监听器的详细信息 --> <listener> <!-- 全类名 --> <listener-class>com.aiguigu.listener.lifecycle.SessionLifeListener</listener-class> </listener>
java
public class SessionLifeListener implements HttpSessionListener{ @Override public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("session对象创建"); //获取创建的session se.getSession(); } @Override public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("session对象销毁"); } }
- 属性监听器,监听三个对象,监听域对象中属性的增(setAttribute())删(removeAttribute())改(setAttribute())
1)ServletRequestAttributeListener
web.xml
<!-- 配置监听器的详细信息 --> <listener> <!-- 全类名 --> <listener-class>com.aiguigu.listener.attribute.RequestAttributeListener</listener-class> </listener>
java
public class RequestAttributeListener implements ServletRequestAttributeListener{ @Override public void attributeAdded(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("request域中增加属性。。。"); //增加的属性名(key) String name=srae.getName(); //增加属性的值 Object object=srae.getValue(); System.out.println("key:"+name+"->value:"+object); } @Override public void attributeRemoved(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("request域中移出属性。。。"); //移出属性值 String name=srae.getName(); //删除属性的值 Object object=srae.getValue(); System.out.println("key:"+name+"->value:"+object); } @Override public void attributeReplaced(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("request域中替换属性。。。"); //修改属性名 String name=srae.getName(); //修改属性的值 Object object=srae.getValue(); //获取修改后的值 ServletRequest request=srae.getServletRequest(); Object attribute=request.getAttribute(name); System.out.println("key:"+name+"->oldvalue:"+object+"->newvalue:"+attribute); } }
2)ServletContextAttributeListener
web.xml
<!-- 配置监听器的详细信息 --> <listener> <!-- 全类名 --> <listener-class>com.aiguigu.listener.attribute.ApplicationAttributeListener</listener-class> </listener>
java
public class ApplicationAttributeListener implements ServletContextAttributeListener{ @Override public void attributeAdded(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //添加的属性名 scae.getName(); //添加的属性值 scae.getValue(); } @Override public void attributeRemoved(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //移出的属性名 scae.getName(); //移出的属性值 scae.getValue(); } @Override public void attributeReplaced(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //移出的属性名 scae.getName(); //移出的属性值 scae.getValue(); } }
3)HttpSessionAttributeListener
web.xml
<!-- 配置监听器的详细信息 --> <listener> <!-- 全类名 --> <listener-class>com.aiguigu.listener.attribute.HttpSessionAttributeListener</listener-class> </listener>
java
public class HttpSessionAttributeListener implements javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener{ @Override public void attributeAdded(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //添加属性名 se.getName(); //添加属性值 se.getValue(); } @Override public void attributeRemoved(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //添加属性名 se.getName(); //添加属性值 se.getValue(); } @Override public void attributeReplaced(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //添加属性名 se.getName(); //添加属性值 se.getValue(); } }
- session固有监听器
1)HttpSessionActivationListener 监听session活化钝化
- 监听session中某个对象的钝化和活化,这个javabean对象们只要实现 HttpSessionActivationListener 接口即可,不用配置
jsp
<body> <% //给session域中保存一个Student对象 Student stu=new Student("tomcat"); session.setAttribute("stu", stu); %> </body>
java
public class Student implements HttpSessionActivationListener,Serializable{ private String username; public Student() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public Student(String username) { super(); this.username = username; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student [username=" + username + "]"; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } @Override public void sessionWillPassivate(HttpSessionEvent se) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("我和session要一起钝化了"); // se.getSession(); } @Override public void sessionDidActivate(HttpSessionEvent se) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("我和session要一起活化了"); HttpSession session=se.getSession(); Object attribute=session.getAttribute("stu"); System.out.println(attribute); } }
2)HttpSessionBindingListener 监听一个对象是否绑定到session中(保存在session中)
- 监听一个对象是否绑定到session中,这个类来实现HttpSessionBindingListener接口
- 绑定:保存在session中就叫绑定
- 解绑:session中移除就叫解绑
jsp
<body> <% User user=new User("apche"); //绑定属性 session.setAttribute("user", user); //解绑属性 //session.removeAttribute("user"); //同样也会解绑 session.invalidate(); %> </body>
java
public class User implements HttpSessionBindingListener{ private String name; public User() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public User(String name) { super(); this.name = name; } @Override public String toString() { return "User [name=" + name + "]"; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } /** * User类对象绑定到session中 */ @Override public void valueBound(HttpSessionBindingEvent event) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("对象绑定在session中了。。。"); //对象绑定在session中使用的key String name=event.getName(); //绑定在session的具体对象,监控的对象,User类的对象 Object value=event.getValue(); } /** * User类对象从session中移出 */ @Override public void valueUnbound(HttpSessionBindingEvent event) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("对象解除绑定在session中了。。。"); //对象解除绑定在session中使用的key String name=event.getName(); //对象解除绑定在session的具体对象,监控的对象,User类的对象 Object value=event.getValue(); } }
- 监听器的使用
- 实现相应的接口
ic void valueUnbound(HttpSessionBindingEvent event) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("对象解除绑定在session中了。。。"); //对象解除绑定在session中使用的key String name=event.getName(); //对象解除绑定在session的具体对象,监控的对象,User类的对象 Object value=event.getValue(); }
}
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- 监听器的使用
- 实现相应的接口
- 在web.xml中配置