CentOS7.5 静默安装Oracle11gR2

CentOS7.5 静默安装Oracle11gR2

修改主机名称 hostnamectl set-hostname oracle

• （一）安装Oracle依赖包

1、安装rpm包

yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

2、检查是否有遗漏

rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel | grep "not installed"

3、补安装遗漏的包

wget http://vault.centos.org/5.11/os/x86_64/CentOS/pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

• （二）创建安装用户组和用户

1、创建用户组

groupadd oinstall -g 2000 && groupadd dba -g 2001 && groupadd asmadmin -g 2002 && groupadd asmdba -g 2003

2、创建用户和密码

useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba
passwd oracle

• （三）优化内核参数

1、打开参数文件

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

2、修改参数文件

fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
fs.file-max=6815744
kernel.shmall=419430
kernel.shmmni=4096
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586

3、令参数生效

/sbin/sysctl -p

• （四）限制Oracle用户权限

1、vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

2、vi /etc/pam.d/login

session  required   /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session  required   pam_limits.so

3、vi /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

（五）创建安装目录并赋予权限

mkdir -p /db/oracle/product/11.2.0
mkdir /db/oracle/oradata
mkdir /db/oracle/inventory
mkdir /db/oracle/recovery
chown -R oracle:oinstall /db
chmod -R 775 /db

• （六）切换到Oracle用户，配置oracle环境变量

1、su oracle

vi ~/.bashrc

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle
export ORACLE_BASE=/db/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH
export LC_ALL="en_US"
export LANG="en_US"
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"

cd ~ && source .bashrc #使环境变量生效

• （七）上传安装包并解压

1、切换到root用户
2、cd /tmp && rz 利用xshell上传安装包，等待上传完成；
3、unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip && unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
4、vi database/response/db_install.rsp
5、修改参数

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/db/oracle/inventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/db/oracle/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_BASE=/db/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

• （八）关闭selinux 和防火墙

vi /etc/selinux/config，设置SELINUX= enforcing 为SELINUX=disabled

查看防火墙状态：systemctl status firewalld
停止防火墙：systemctl stop firewalld

• （九）安装

1、避免报错：unset DISPLAY
2、切换到 oracle用户
3、cd /tmp/database
4、./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPreReqs -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp

• （十）root身份运行两个脚本

  /db/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
  /db/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

• （十一） oracle账户下配置监听
  netca /silent /responsefile /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp

查看监听端口：netstat -tnulp | grep 1521 有红字说明监听正在运行

• （十二）创建数据库实例

1、修改配置参数，创建数据库

vi /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp

GDBNAME = "orcl"
SID = "orcl"
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"
DATAFILEDESTINATION =/db/oracle/oradata
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/db/oracle/recovery
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
TOTALMEMORY = "1638" #给了内存的40%

2、修改init.ora，建库

vi /db/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/init.ora

把里面所有的<ORACLE_BASE>改成真正的ORACLE_BASE，即：/db/oracle后建库

dbca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp

3、设置数据库和监听开机自动启动
（1）vim /etc/oratab orcl:/data0/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:N 将N改为Y
（2）vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local 添加下面两行

su oracle -lc "/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start"
su oracle -lc /db/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbstart