九、SpringCloud学习笔记之hystrix案例-Jmeter测试高并发访问

本文记录了使用Jmeter进行SpringCloud中Hystrix案例的高并发测试,探讨了在高并发场景下服务因线程池耗尽导致的问题及影响,包括服务提供者8001被拖死,消费者80访问超时或报错。通过测试得出结论,提出服务降级、容错和限流等技术的必要性,并提出了针对超时和故障的解决策略,确保调用者不因服务问题而卡死。
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hystrix案例
构建

新建项目:cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001

pom:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.liang.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--新增hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.liang.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

yml:

server:
  port: 8001


eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: true   #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务
    service-url:
      # defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/    #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
#  server:
#    enable-self-preservation: false
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-hystrix-payment
#    eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 2000
 

启动类:

package com.liang.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class PaymentHystrixMain8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrixMain8001.class,args);
    }
}
 

业务类:

package com.liang.cloud.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Service
public class PaymentService {

    //成功
    public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id){
        return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"   paymentInfo_OK,id:  "+id+"\t"+"哈哈哈"  ;
    }

    //失败
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id){
        int timeNumber = 3;
        try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber); }catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
        return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"   paymentInfo_TimeOut,id:  "+id+"\t"+"呜呜呜"+" 耗时(秒)"+timeNumber;
    }

}
 
 

controller:

package com.liang.cloud.controller;
import com.liang.cloud.service.PaymentService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        log.info("*******result:"+result);
        return result;
    }
    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
        log.info("*******result:"+result);
        return result;
    }
}

正常测试

启动eureka7001:

启动cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001
在这里插入图片描述
访问

http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/ok/31
在这里插入图片描述
http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/timeout/31(每次调用耗费5秒钟)
在这里插入图片描述

上述module均OK
以上述为根基平台,从正确->错误->降级熔断->恢复

高并发测试

开启Jmeter,来10000个并发压死8001,10000个请求都去访问paymentInfo_TimeOut服务

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
两个都在自己转圈圈

为什么会被卡死:

tomcat的默认的工作线程数被打满了,没有多余的线程来分解压力和处理。

Jmeter压测结论

上面还是服务提供者8001自己测试,假如此时外部的消费者80也来访问,那消费者只能干等,最终导致消费端80不满意,服务端8001直接被拖死

加入80客户端

新建:cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80

pom:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.liang.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--新增hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.liang.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>



</project>

yml:

server:
  port: 80
eureka:
  client:
#    register-with-eureka: true    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
#    fetch-registry: true   #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务
    service-url:
      # defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/    #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
#  server:
#    enable-self-preservation: false
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-hystrix-order
  #    eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 2000


主启动:

package com.liang.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderHystrixMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderHystrixMain80.class,args);
    }
}

feign:

package com.liang.cloud.feign;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT")
public interface PaymentHystrixService {
    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);

    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);
}



controller:

package com.liang.cloud.controller;
import com.liang.cloud.feign.PaymentHystrixService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderHystrixController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        log.info("*******result:"+result);
        return result;
    }
    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
        log.info("*******result:"+result);
        return result;
    }

}

http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/31
在这里插入图片描述

高并发测试

5W个线程压8001

消费端80微服务再去访问正常的OK微服务8001地址
http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/31

消费者80:
要么转圈圈等待
要么消费端报超时错误
在这里插入图片描述

故障现象和导致原因

8001同一层次的其他接口服务被困死,因为tomcat线程里面的工作线程已经被挤占完毕

80此时调用8001,客户端访问响应缓慢,转圈圈

上诉结论

正因为有上述故障或不佳表现,才有我们的降级/容错/限流等技术诞生

如何解决?解决的要求

超时导致服务器变慢(转圈):超时不再等待
出错(宕机或程序运行出错):出错要有兜底

解决:

对方服务(8001)超时了,调用者(80)不能一直卡死等待,必须有服务降级

对方服务(8001)down机了,调用者(80)不能一直卡死等待,必须有服务降级

对方服务(8001)OK,调用者(80)自己出故障或有自我要求(自己的等待时间小于服务提供者),自己处理降级

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