实用:python中字典的扁平化(flat)

把一个字典扁平化,源字典为{‘a’:{‘b’:1,‘c’:2},‘d’:{‘e’:3,‘f’:{‘g’:4}}}
案例一:
src = {‘a’:{‘b’:1,‘c’:2},‘d’:{‘e’:3,‘f’:{‘g’:4}}}

def fn(src,key='',dct={}):    #src = {'a':{'b':1,'c':2},'d':{'e':3,'f':{'g':4}}}
    for k,v in src.items():   
        newkey = key+k+'.'
        if isinstance(v,int):
            newkey = newkey.strip('.')
            dct[newkey] = v
        else:
            fn(v,newkey)
    return dct

dst = fn(src)
print(dst)

运行结果:

 {'a.b': 1, 'a.c': 2, 'd.e': 3, 'd.f.g': 4}

案例二:

source = {'a':{'b':1,'c':2},'d':{'e':3,'f':{'g':4}}}

def flatmap(src,dest=None,prefix=''):
    if dest == None:
        dest = {}
    for k,v in src.items():
        if isinstance(v,(list,tuple,set,dict)):
            flatmap(v,dest,prefix=prefix+k+'.') #递归调用
        else:
            dest[prefix+k] = v
    return dest

print(flatmap(source))

运行结果:

{'d.e': 3, 'a.c': 2, 'd.f.g': 4, 'a.b': 1}

案例变形:(函数封装的思想)

source = {'a':{'b':1,'c':2},'d':{'e':3,'f':{'g':4}}}
def flatmap(src):
    def _flatmap(src,dest=None,prefix=''):
        for k,v in src.items():
            if isinstance(v,(list,tuple,set,dict)):
                _flatmap(v,dest,prefix=prefix+k+'.') #递归调用
            else:
                dest[prefix+k] = v
    dest = {}
    _flatmap(src,dest)
    return dest

print(flatmap(source))

运行结果:

{'d.e': 3, 'a.c': 2, 'd.f.g': 4, 'a.b': 1}