一、dom4j获取-创建Document对象
DocumentHelper是一个文档助手类(工具类),它可以完成文档、元素、文本、属性、注释、CDATA、Namespace、XPath的创建,以及利用XPath完成文档的遍历和将文本转换成Document。
(一)操作步骤
// 1.1: 读取XML文件,获得document对象
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read(new File("input.xml"));
// 1.2:解析XML形式的文本,得到document对象
String text = "<members></members>";
Document document = DocumentHelper.parseText(text);
// 1.3:主动创建document对象
Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
Element root = document.addElement("members");// 创建根节点
(二)操作例子
/**
* 遍历新建的xml,将driver、url、username、password的值读取出来
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException,
DocumentException {
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read("d:/SqlMapConfig.xml");
List < Element > elements = document.selectNodes("/configuration/environments/environment/dataSource/property");
String driver = "";
String url = "";
String username = "";
String password = "";
for (Element e: elements) {
String name = e.attributeValue("name");
String value = e.attributeValue("value");
if ("driver".equals(name)) {
driver = value;
} else if ("url".equals(name)) {
url = value;
} else if ("username".equals(name)) {
username = value;
} else if ("password".equals(name)) {
password = value;
}
}
System.out.println("driver:" + driver + ",url:" + url + ",username:" + username + ",password:" + password);
}
二、dom4j处理Element节点(获取-添加-删除-查找-设置)
(一)操作步骤
// 1.1:获取文档的根节点.
Element rootElm = document.getRootElement();
// 1.2:取得某节点的单个子节点.
Element memberElm=root.element("member");// "member"是节点名
// 1.3:取得节点的文字
String text=memberElm.getText();//也可以用:
String text=root.elementText("name");//这个是取得根节点下的name字节点的文字.
// 1.4:取得某节点下名为"member"的所有字节点并进行遍历.
List nodes = rootElm.elements("member");
for (Iterator it = nodes.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Element elm = (Element) it.next();
// do something
}
// 1.5:对某节点下的所有子节点进行遍历.
for(Iterator it=root.elementIterator();it.hasNext();){
Element element = (Element) it.next();
// do something
}
// 1.6:在某节点下添加子节点.
Element ageElm = newMemberElm.addElement("age");
// 1.7:设置节点文字.
ageElm.setText("29");
// 1.8:删除某节点.
parentElm.remove(childElm);// childElm是待删除的节点,parentElm是其父节点
// 1.9:添加一个CDATA节点.
Element contentElm = infoElm.addElement("content");
contentElm.addCDATA(diary.getContent());
(二)操作例子
public void modifyDoc() {
try {
Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml"));
//修改节点内容
List list = doc.selectNodes("//article");
Iterator<Element> it = list.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Element el = it.next();
fail(el.getName() + "#" + el.getText() + "#" + el.getStringValue());
//修改title元素
Iterator<Element> elIter = el.elementIterator("title");
while(elIter.hasNext()) {
Element titleEl = elIter.next();
fail(titleEl.getName() + "#" + titleEl.getText() + "#" + titleEl.getStringValue());
if ("Java configuration with XML Schema".equals(titleEl.getTextTrim())) {
//修改元素文本值
titleEl.setText("Modify the Java configuration with XML Schema");
fail(titleEl.getName() + "#" + titleEl.getText() + "#" + titleEl.getStringValue());
}
}
}
//修改节点子元素内容
list = doc.selectNodes("//article/author");
it = list.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Element el = it.next();
fail(el.getName() + "#" + el.getText() + "#" + el.getStringValue());
List<Element> childs = el.elements();
for (Element e : childs) {
fail(e.getName() + "#" + e.getText() + "#" + e.getStringValue());
if ("Marcello".equals(e.getTextTrim())) {
e.setText("Ayesha");
} else if ("Vitaletti".equals(e.getTextTrim())) {
e.setText("Malik");
}
fail(e.getName() + "#" + e.getText() + "#" + e.getStringValue());
}
}
//写入到文件
/*XMLWriter output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog-modified.xml")));
output.write(doc);
output.close();*/
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
三、dom4j处理Element属性(获取-添加-删除-查找-设置)
(一)操作步骤
// 1.取得某节点下的某属性
Element root=document.getRootElement();
Attribute attribute=root.attribute("size");// 属性名name
// 2.取得属性的文字
// 也可以用
String text=attribute.getText();
// 这个是取得根节点下name字节点的属性firstname的值:
String text2=root.element("name").attributeValue("firstname");
// 3.遍历某节点的所有属性
Element root=document.getRootElement();
for(Iterator it=root.attributeIterator();it.hasNext();){
Attribute attribute = (Attribute) it.next();
String text=attribute.getText();
System.out.println(text);
}
// 4.设置某节点的属性和文字.
newMemberElm.addAttribute("name", "sitinspring");
// 5.设置属性的文字
Attribute attribute=root.attribute("name");
attribute.setText("sitinspring");
// 6.删除某属性
Attribute attribute=root.attribute("size");// 属性名name
root.remove(attribute);
(二)操作例子
public void modifyDoc() {
try {
Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml"));
//修改属性内容
List list = doc.selectNodes("//article/@level");
Iterator<Attribute> iter = list.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
Attribute attr = iter.next();
fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
if ("Intermediate".equals(attr.getValue())) {
//修改属性值
attr.setValue("Introductory");
fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
}
}
list = doc.selectNodes("//article/@date");
iter = list.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
Attribute attr = iter.next();
fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
if ("December-2001".equals(attr.getValue())) {
//修改属性值
attr.setValue("December-2011");
fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
}
}
//写入到文件
/*XMLWriter output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog-modified.xml")));
output.write(doc);
output.close();*/
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
四、dom4j操作xml文件方法
(一)dom4j创建xml文件
/**
* 创建文档
*/
@Test
public void createDocument() {
//创建一篇文档
Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
//添加一个元素
Element root = doc.addElement("catalog");
//为root元素添加注释
root.addComment("An XML Catalog");
//添加标记
root.addProcessingInstruction("target", "instruction");
//创建元素
Element journalEl = new BaseElement("journal");
//添加属性
journalEl.addAttribute("title", "XML Zone");
journalEl.addAttribute("publisher", "IBM developerWorks");
root.add(journalEl);
//添加元素
Element articleEl = journalEl.addElement("article");
articleEl.addAttribute("level", "Intermediate");
articleEl.addAttribute("date", "December-2001");
Element titleEl = articleEl.addElement("title");
//设置文本内容
titleEl.setText("Java configuration with XML Schema");
//titleEl.addText("Java configuration with XML Schema");
Element authorEl = articleEl.addElement("author");
authorEl.addElement("firstname").setText("Marcello");
authorEl.addElement("lastname").addText("Vitaletti");
//可以使用 addDocType() 方法添加文档类型说明。
doc.addDocType("catalog", null,"file://c:/Dtds/catalog.dtd");
fail(doc.getRootElement().getName());
//将xml转换成文本
fail(doc.asXML());
//写入到文件
XMLWriter output;
try {
output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog.xml")));
output.write(doc);
output.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
(二)dom4j查找xml文件的内容
public class GetNodes1 {
/**
* 将driver、url、username、password的值读取出来
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, DocumentException {
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read("d:/SqlMapConfig.xml");
Element driverElement = (Element)document.selectSingleNode("/configuration/environments/environment/dataSource/property[@name='driver']");
Element urlElement = (Element)document.selectSingleNode("/configuration/environments/environment/dataSource/property[@name='url']");
Element usernameElement = (Element)document.selectSingleNode("/configuration/environments/environment/dataSource/property[@name='username']");
Element passwordElement = (Element)document.selectSingleNode("/configuration/environments/environment/dataSource/property[@name='password']");
String driver = driverElement.attributeValue("value");
String url = urlElement.attributeValue("value");
String username = usernameElement.attributeValue("value");
String password = passwordElement.attributeValue("value");
System.out.println("driver:"+driver+",url:"+url+",username:"+username+",password:"+password);
}
}
(三)dom4j修改XML文件
public class UpdateNode {
/**
* 修改密码为123456
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws DocumentException, IOException {
//读取并修改
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read("d:/SqlMapConfig.xml");
Element passwordElement = (Element)document.selectSingleNode("/configuration/environments/environment/dataSource/property[@name='password']");
passwordElement.addAttribute("value", "123456");
//保存
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("d:/SqlMapConfig.xml");
XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(os,OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint());
writer.write(document);
writer.close();
os.close();
}
}
(四)dom4j删除XML文件的某个结点元素
public class DeleteNode {
/**
* 删除密码结点
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws DocumentException, IOException {
//找到结点并删除
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read("d:/SqlMapConfig.xml");
Element passwordElement = (Element) document.selectSingleNode("/configuration/environments/environment/dataSource/property[@name='password']");
passwordElement.getParent().remove(passwordElement);
//保存
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("d:/SqlMapConfig.xml");
XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(os,OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint());
writer.write(document);
writer.close();
os.close();
}
}
(五)dom4j删除文档内容
/**
* <b>function:</b> 删除节点内容
*/
@Test
public void removeNode() {
try {
Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog-modified.xml"));
fail("comment: " + doc.selectSingleNode("//comment()"));
//删除注释
doc.getRootElement().remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//comment()"));
Element node = (Element) doc.selectSingleNode("//article");
//删除属性
node.remove(new DOMAttribute(QName.get("level"), "Introductory"));
//删除元素 节点
node.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//title"));
//只能删除下一级节点,不能超过一级;(需要在父元素的节点上删除子元素)
Node lastNameNode = node.selectSingleNode("//lastname");
lastNameNode.getParent().remove(lastNameNode);
fail("Text: " + doc.selectObject("//*[text()='Ayesha']"));
Element firstNameEl = (Element)doc.selectObject("//firstname");
fail("Text: " + firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()"));
//删除text文本
//firstNameEl.remove(firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()"));
//firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//firstname/text()"));
firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//*[text()='Ayesha']/text()"));
//删除子元素author
//node.remove(node.selectSingleNode("//author"));
fail(doc.asXML());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}