Spring中的事务管理

事务

• 把一组业务当成一个业务来做：要么都成功，要么都失败。
• 事务在项目开发中，十分的重要，涉及到数据的一致性问题，不能马虎。
• 确保完整性和一致性。

事务ACID原则：

• 原子性：确保这些东西要么都成功，要么都失败
• 一致性：事务一旦完成，要么都提交，要么都跪了
• 隔离性：多个业务可能操作同一个资源，是隔离的，防止数据损坏
• 持久性：事务一旦提交，无论系统发生什么问题，结果都不会再被影响，被持久化的写到存储器中。

案例

当我们同时进行添加和删除操作时，如果删除语句出现错误，添加操作还是执行成功了，添加声明式事务可以避免这个问题。
代码实现：
1.User

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

2.UserMapper

public interface UserMapper {
    public List<User> selectUser();
    //添加一个用户
    public int addUser(User user);
    //删除一个用户
    public int deleteUser(int id);

}

3.UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.tt.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="selectUser" resultType="user">
        select * from mybatis.user;
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="user">
        insert into mybatis.user (id, name, pwd) values (#{id}, #{name}, #{pwd});
    </insert>
    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        delete from mybatis.user where id=#{id}
    </delete>

</mapper>

4.mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.tt.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

5.spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd">

    <!--DataSource:使用Spring的数据源替换Mybatis的配置c3pe dbcp druid
    我们这里使用spring提供的JDBC : org. springframework. jdbc . datasource
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8&amp;autoReconnect=true"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </bean>
    <!--sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--绑定Mabatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/tt/mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置声明式事务-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!--结合AOP实现事务的织入-->
    <!--配置事务通知; -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--给那些方法配置事务-->
        <!--配置事务的传播特性: new propagation= -->
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="add" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="query" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!--配置事务切入-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression=" execution(* com.tt.mapper.UserMapperImpl.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

6.UserMapperImpl

public class UserMapperImpl extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserMapper {
    @Override
    public List<User> selectUser() {

        User user = new User(6, "甜甜", "123456");
        UserMapper mapper = getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.addUser(user);
        mapper.deleteUser(6);
        return mapper.selectUser();

        //return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).selectUser();
    }

    @Override
    public int addUser(User user) {
        return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).addUser(user);
    }
    @Override
    public int deleteUser(int id) {
        return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).deleteUser(id);
    }
}

7.applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>

    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.tt.mapper.UserMapperImpl" >
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref= "sqlSessionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

8.MyTest

public class MyTest {
    @Test
    public void test() {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserMapper userMapper = context.getBean("userMapper", UserMapper.class);
        for (User user : userMapper.selectUser()) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
}