登陆界面图片验证码功能实现
参考了一颗小梪梪的验证码设计——验证码功能参考,十分感谢!
设计应该实现的效果
1.在登录界面有输入验证码的框,还有验证码图片
2.输入验证码正确提示正确,错误提示错误
3.看不清,点击图片刷新验证码内容
功能搭建思路
1.生成验证码
2.获取到验证码内容
3.获取到输入的验证码
4.二者比较正确与否,给出相应响应
功能实现流程
1.login.jsp添加输入验证码的框,还有验证码图片
<div class="form-group row">
<label class="col-sm-3 control-label">验证码</label>
<div class="col-sm-7">
<input type="text" name="code" placeholder="请输入验证码" class="form-control"/>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<img id="img1" title="点击获取新验证码" src="<%=path%>/verifycode/getVerifyCodeImage.do" onclick="changeimg()" width="95" height="50" alt="" style="display:inline-block;">
</div>
</div>
上述页面中,点击验证码可更新的changeimg()方法
js实现如下
先要引入jquery-3.3.1.min.js、将随机字符转化成图片相关的DD_belatedPNG_0.0.8a-min.js。
然后在js代码块中需要引入DD_belatedPNG.fix(‘div, ul, img, li, input,p,ul,ol,h1,h2,h3,a,span,i’);
<script type="text/javascript" src="/js/DD_belatedPNG_0.0.8a-min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src=/js/jquery-3.1.1.min"></script>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
function changeimg(){
var img=document.getElementById("img1");
//防止页面缓存
img.src="<%=path%>/verifycode/getVerifyCodeImage.do?num"+Math.random();
}
DD_belatedPNG.fix('div, ul, img, li, input,p,ul,ol,h1,h2,h3,a,span,i');
</script>
登录页面加载和点击验证码时,同时调用Controller类下的/verifycode/getVerifyCodeImage.do
package com.shopping.controller;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/verifycode")
public class VerifyCodeController {
/**
* Controller Method
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getVerifyCodeImage.do")
public void getVerifyCodeImage(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
// 设置验证码字符的字体和字号。
Font mFont = new Font("Arial Black", Font.PLAIN, 22);
//清除缓存,每次访问该页面时都从服务器端读取
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
// 设置验证码图片的长度和高度。
int width = 86, height = 40;
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//画图画板
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
//定义一个随机数
Random random = new Random();
//设置画板背景颜色
// g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
g.setColor(new Color(160, 177, 185));
//设置画板的填充范围
g.fillRect(1, 1, width - 1, height - 1);
// g.setColor(new Color(102, 102, 102));
g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
//设置字体
g.setFont(mFont);
//显示字符串,4位长度。
String sRand = "";
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
String tmp = getRandomChar();
sRand += tmp;
//设置每个数字的颜色
g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
//在画板上写数字,起始位置
g.drawString(tmp, 20 * i + 5, 27);
}
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
// 把验证码防到session中,用来前台对比。
session.setAttribute("verifycode", sRand.toLowerCase());
// System.out.println(sRand.toLowerCase()+"--------------------------》");
//显示图片
g.dispose();
//转换成一张图片,格式为JPEG
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
}
/**
* 随机获得颜色,RGB格式
*
* @param fc
* @param bc
* @return
*/
Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
Random random = new Random();
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
private String getRandomChar() {
int rand = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 2);
long itmp = 0;
char ctmp = '\u0000';
switch (rand) {
case 1:
itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 25 + 65);
ctmp = (char) itmp;
return String.valueOf(ctmp);
case 2:
itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 25 + 97);
ctmp = (char) itmp;
return String.valueOf(ctmp);
default:
itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 9);
return String.valueOf(itmp);
}
}
}
上述实现类中,先随机生成一个四位数的随机数字+字母,然后将数字放到session中,最后使用ImageIO技术将随机字符转化成图片。
我直接在用到验证码的jsp页面用
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ page import="javafx.scene.control.Alert" %>
<%@ page import="sun.font.Script" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
实现java的getsession方法
<%
String incode = (String)request.getParameter("code");
String rightcode = (String)session.getAttribute("verifycode");
if(incode != null && rightcode != null){
if(incode.equals(rightcode)){
out.println("<script>alert('验证码输入正确!');window.location='login.jsp'</script>");
}else{
out.println("<script>alert('验证码输入不正确,请重新输入!');window.location='login.jsp'</script>");
}
}
%>
效果演示