要在C语言中操作SQLite3数据库,需要安装SQLite3库并包含其头文件。然后,可以使用SQLite3提供的API来执行各种操作,例如打开/关闭数据库,执行SQL语句,获取结果等。
以下是一个简单的示例程序,演示了如何连接到数据库,创建表格并插入数据:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sqlite3.h>
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
sqlite3* db;
char* errMsg = 0;
int rc;
rc = sqlite3_open("test.db", &db);
if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "Can't open database: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
sqlite3_close(db);
return 1;
} else {
fprintf(stdout, "Opened database successfully\n");
}
char* sql = "CREATE TABLE COMPANY("
"ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,"
"NAME TEXT NOT NULL,"
"AGE INT NOT NULL,"
"ADDRESS CHAR(50),"
"SALARY REAL);";
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, 0, 0, &errMsg);
if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", errMsg);
sqlite3_free(errMsg);
sqlite3_close(db);
return 1;
} else {
fprintf(stdout, "Table created successfully\n");
}
sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) "
"VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 ); "
"INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) "
"VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 ); "
"INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) "
"VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 );"
"INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)"
"VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond', 65000.00 );";
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, 0, 0, &errMsg);
if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", errMsg);
sqlite3_free(errMsg);
sqlite3_close(db);
return 1;
} else {
fprintf(stdout, "Records created successfully\n");
}
sqlite3_close(db);
return 0;
}
```
此程序将创建一个名为“test.db”的数据库,并在其中创建一个名为“COMPANY”的表格,并插入一些数据。请注意,通过sqlite3_exec函数执行SQL语句,并使用sqlite3_errmsg函数检查错误。