OKhttp3总结（一）

基本上现在面试都会问网络框架相关问题，例如目前比较流行的okhttp3以及retrofit，我们先来说一下okhttp

先在gradle中导入okhttp的依赖库:

implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.14.2'
implementation 'com.squareup.okio:okio:1.17.4'

接下来在Manifest中添加网络权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

基本使用

1.GET同步请求

//GET同步请求
public void get(){
        //先创建okhttpClient对象
        OkHttpClient client=new OkHttpClient();
        //创建request对象，默认为get请求
        Request request=new  Request.Builder().get().url("http://www.jianshu.com/u/9df45b87cfdf").build();
        //将request传入call对象中
        Call call=client.newCall(request);
        try {
            //调用同步方法
            Response response=call.execute();
            //得到返回结果
            String str=response.body().string();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

2.GET异步请求

//GET异步请求
public void get(){
        OkHttpClient okHttpClient=new OkHttpClient();
        Request request=new Request.Builder()
                .get()
                .url("http://www.jianshu.com/u/9df45b87cfdf")
                .build();
        Call call=okHttpClient.newCall(request);
        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                //请求失败返回
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                //请求成功返回
            }
        });
    }

3.POST异步请求（同步请求类似，在这里就不写代码了）

    public void postParameter(){
        OkHttpClient client=new OkHttpClient();
        FormBody formBody=new FormBody.Builder()
                .add("username","123")
                .add("password","123")
                .build();
        Request request=new Request.Builder()
                .url("http://www.jianshu.com/")
                .post(formBody)
                .build();
        Call call=client.newCall(request);
        call.enqueue(new Callback(){

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                //请求失败
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                //获得请求成功的内容
                String responseStr=response.body().string();
            }
        });
    }

更多实现方式可以看一看刘望舒的博客：https://blog.csdn.net/itachi85/article/details/51190687。

我们在这里总结一下基本的使用流程：先创建OkHttpClient对象，再去创建Request（如果是post请求则创RequestBody），接下来通过我们创建的okhttpClient对象的newCall方法赋值给Call对象，最后call再去调用exectue或者enqueue获得请求结果。

源码分析

1.OkHttpClient的创建

//默认调用此构造函数  
public OkHttpClient() {
    this(new Builder());
  }
//最终调用该构造函数
OkHttpClient(Builder builder) {
    this.dispatcher = builder.dispatcher;
    this.proxy = builder.proxy;
    this.protocols = builder.protocols;
    this.connectionSpecs = builder.connectionSpecs;
    this.interceptors = Util.immutableList(builder.interceptors);
    this.networkInterceptors = Util.immutableList(builder.networkInterceptors);
    this.eventListenerFactory = builder.eventListenerFactory;
    this.proxySelector = builder.proxySelector;
    this.cookieJar = builder.cookieJar;
    this.cache = builder.cache;
    this.internalCache = builder.internalCache;
    this.socketFactory = builder.socketFactory;

    boolean isTLS = false;
    for (ConnectionSpec spec : connectionSpecs) {
      isTLS = isTLS || spec.isTls();
    }

我们发现这些参数都是builder中的参数，我们看看builder中干了什么

public Builder() {
      //任务调度器，控制并发请求，异步的时候通过它来调度所有网络请求
      dispatcher = new Dispatcher();
      //协议，里面有HTTP2和HTTP_1_1
      protocols = DEFAULT_PROTOCOLS;
      //默认连接配置
      connectionSpecs = DEFAULT_CONNECTION_SPECS;
      //事件监听器
      eventListenerFactory = EventListener.factory(EventListener.NONE);
      //代理选择器
      proxySelector = ProxySelector.getDefault();
      if (proxySelector == null) {
        proxySelector = new NullProxySelector();
      }
      //http cookie持久化策略
      cookieJar = CookieJar.NO_COOKIES;
      //socket工厂
      socketFactory = SocketFactory.getDefault();
      //主机名验证
      hostnameVerifier = OkHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE;
      //约束信任证书
      certificatePinner = CertificatePinner.DEFAULT;
      //代理认证
      proxyAuthenticator = Authenticator.NONE;
      //认证者
      authenticator = Authenticator.NONE;
      //连接池
      connectionPool = new ConnectionPool();
      //DNS解析
      dns = Dns.SYSTEM;
      //SSL重定向
      followSslRedirects = true;
      //重定向
      followRedirects = true;
      //是否失败自动重连
      retryOnConnectionFailure = true;
      //完整请求调用时间
      callTimeout = 0;
      //连接超时
      connectTimeout = 10_000;
      //读取超时
      readTimeout = 10_000;
      //发送数据超时
      writeTimeout = 10_000;
      //时间间隔
      pingInterval = 0;
    }

    Builder(OkHttpClient okHttpClient) {
      this.dispatcher = okHttpClient.dispatcher;
      ...
    }

okhttpClient通过建造者模式，在类实例化的时候调用builder将相关参数设为默认值。如果我们创建OkhttpClient通过Builder方式，我们还可以使用Builder中的一些其他的API

OkHttpClient.Builder builder=new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .addInterceptor()
                .cache()
                .callTimeout()
                .connectionPool()
                //等等很多API
                .build();

至此OkHttpClient就创建完毕，主要就是进行赋值，将okhttpClient的默认参数配置好

需要注意：

OkHttpClient(Builder builder) {

    boolean isTLS = false;
    for (ConnectionSpec spec : connectionSpecs) {
      isTLS = isTLS || spec.isTls();
    }

    if (builder.sslSocketFactory != null