PC问题(c语言解决)生产者与消费者问题

1.问题描述及信号量设定

问题描述：一组生产者向一组消费者提供商品，共享一个循环缓冲池，生产者向其中放入商品，消费者从中取得商品。假定这些生产者和消费者互相等效，只要缓冲池未满，生产者可将商品送入缓冲池；只要缓冲池未空，消费者可从缓冲池取走一商品。

互斥信号量 mutex，用于实现对缓冲池的互斥访问，其初值为 1；
资源信号量 empty，用来表示空闲缓冲区的数量，其初值为 n；
资源信号量 full，用来表示满缓冲区的数量，即缓冲池中可供消费的产品数量，其初值为 0。
P操作放在生产产品后面和取得商品之前
V操作放在存入缓冲区之后和取得商品之后

2.程序流程图

【生产者流程图】

【消费者流程图】

C语言实现

#define    BUFFER     20  //缓冲区大小
#include<windows.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<stdlib.h>
 
unsigned short ProductID = 0;    //产品号
unsigned short ConsumeID = 0;    //将被消耗的产品号
unsigned short in = 0;      //产品进缓冲区时的缓冲区下标
unsigned short out = 0;      //产品出缓冲区时的缓冲区下标
 
int g_buffer[BUFFER];    //缓冲区
bool g_continue = true;      //控制程序结束
HANDLE g_hMutex;       //用于线程间的互斥
HANDLE g_hFullSemaphore;     //当缓冲区满时迫使生产者等待
HANDLE g_hEmptySemaphore;     //当缓冲区空时迫使消费者等待
 
DWORD WINAPI Producer(LPVOID);    //生产者线程
DWORD WINAPI Consumer(LPVOID);    //消费者线程
 
int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
	g_hMutex = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
	g_hFullSemaphore = CreateSemaphore(NULL, BUFFER, BUFFER, NULL);
	g_hEmptySemaphore = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, BUFFER, NULL);
 
	const unsigned short PRODUCERS_COUNT = 3;  //生产者的个数
	const unsigned short CONSUMERS_COUNT = 1;  //消费者的个数
 
	//总的线程数
	const unsigned short THREADS_COUNT = PRODUCERS_COUNT + CONSUMERS_COUNT;
 
	HANDLE hThreads[PRODUCERS_COUNT]; //各线程的handle
	DWORD producerID[CONSUMERS_COUNT]; //生产者线程的标识符
	DWORD consumerID[THREADS_COUNT]; //消费者线程的标识符
 
	//创建生产者线程
	for (int i = 0; i<PRODUCERS_COUNT; ++i) 
	{
		hThreads[i] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, Producer, NULL, 0, &producerID[i]);
		if (hThreads[i] == NULL)
		{
			printf("producer %d create failed /n", i);
			return -1;
		}
	}
	//创建消费者线程
	for (int i = 0; i<CONSUMERS_COUNT; ++i) 
	{
		hThreads[PRODUCERS_COUNT + i] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, Consumer, NULL, 0, &consumerID[i]);
		if (hThreads[i] == NULL)
		{
			printf("consumer %d create failed /n", i);
			return -1;
		}
	}
	while (g_continue)
	{
		char ch = 'a';
		ch= getchar();
		if (ch == '\n')
		{
			g_continue = false;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}
 
void print()//输出缓冲区  
{
	int i;
	printf("\nBuffer:\n");
	for (i = 0; i<20; i++)
	{
		printf("____");
	}
	printf("\n");
	for (i = 0; i<20; i++)
		printf("|%d|", g_buffer[i]);
	printf("\n");
	for (i = 0; i<20; i++)
	{
		printf("----");
	}
	printf("\n");
}
//生产一个产品放入缓冲区
void Producer()
{
	ProductID++;
	g_buffer[in] = ProductID;
	std::cerr << "Produse " << ProductID << " in " << in;
	in = (in + 1) % BUFFER;
	print();
}
//生产者线程
DWORD  WINAPI Producer(LPVOID lpPara)
{
	while (g_continue) 
	{
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hFullSemaphore, INFINITE);
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hMutex, INFINITE);
		Producer();
		Sleep(1500);
		ReleaseMutex(g_hMutex);
		ReleaseSemaphore(g_hEmptySemaphore, 1, NULL);
	}
	return 0;
}
//消费者消费一个产品
void consumer()
{
	ConsumeID = g_buffer[out];
	std::cerr << "Consumer " << g_buffer[out]<<" from "<<out;
	g_buffer[out] = 0;
	out = (out + 1) % BUFFER;
	print();
}
//消费者线程
DWORD  WINAPI Consumer(LPVOID lpPara)
{
	while (g_continue) 
	{
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hEmptySemaphore, INFINITE);
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hMutex, INFINITE);
		consumer();
		Sleep(1500);
		ReleaseMutex(g_hMutex);
		ReleaseSemaphore(g_hFullSemaphore, 1, NULL);
	}
	return 0;
}