Hibernate是一个开放源代码的对象关系映射框架,可以应用在任何使用JDBC的场合,既可以在Java的客户端程序实用,也可以在Servlet/JSP的Web应用中使用
优势:
简化开发,提高开发效率,持久层关系映射复杂情况下,hibernate开发效率相当高。
hibernate内部进行了JDBC的优化处理,以及增加缓存机制,大大提高了运行效率。
更好的移植性,Hibernate已经为我们屏蔽了数据库之间的差异
Hibernate使用 Java 反射机制 而不是字节码增强程序来实现透明性。
Hibernate的性能非常好,因为它是个轻量级框架。 映射的灵活性很出色。
Hibernate它支持各种关系数据库,从一对一到多对多的各种复杂关系。
代码结构
实体类User
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private Date birthday;
private int age;
private int total;
public User() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public User(String name, Date birthday, int age) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.birthday = birthday;
this.age = age;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public int getTotal() {
return total;
}
public void setTotal(int total) {
this.total = total;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
orm映射文件User.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.domain.User" table="user" catalog="ssh">
<id name="id" column="id" type="int">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="name" column="name" type="java.lang.String"></property>
<property name="age">
<column name="age" sql-type="int"></column>
</property>
<property name="birthday" type="date"></property>
<property name="total" formula="(select count(*) from user)"></property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
核心配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///ssh</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</property>
//这里需要配置进来
<mapping resource="com/domain/User.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
HibernateUtils工具类
public class HibernateUtils {
private static Configuration configuration;
private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
static {
configuration = new Configuration().configure();
sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
}
public static Session openSession() {
return sessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
UserTest测试类
public class UserTest {
//派生属性
@Test
public void total(){
Session session=HibernateUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
User user = (User) session.get(User.class, 6);
System.out.println(user.getTotal());
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
//删除
@Test
public void delete(){
Session session=HibernateUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
User user=new User();
user.setId(3);
session.delete(user);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
//通过ID查询
@Test
public void findById(){
Session session=HibernateUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
User user=(User) session.get(User.class, 3);
System.out.println(user);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
//添加
@Test
public void add(){
Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
User user=new User("cai"+i,new Date(),12+i);
session.save(user);
}
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
}