爬取豆瓣top250电影保存到MongoDB

爬取豆瓣top250电影保存到MongoDB

使用python scrapy框架
找到https://movie.douban.com/top250
然后在下面点击下一页，发现url有个共同点，只有start的值不断在变，
所以我们可以构造这个参数，因为只有250个电影，分10页，根据url可以得知start每次翻页增加25,所以可以构造为
start_url = [‘https://movie.douban.com/top250?start={}&filter=’.format(num*25)for num in range(10)]
然后使用xpath爬取电影名称及评分，返回所得的值，然后在Pipelines接受爬取到的结果并保存到MongoDB数据库。
代码如下
douban.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy


class DoubanSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'douban'
    allowed_domains = ['douban.com']
    start_urls = ['https://movie.douban.com/top250?start={}&filter='.format(num*25)for num in range(10)]

    def parse(self, response):
        names = response.xpath('//div[@class="hd"]/a/span[1]/text()').extract()
        stars = response.xpath('//div[@class="star"]/span[2]/text()').extract()
        for name,star in zip(names,stars):
            yield {
                'name':name,
                'star':star
            }

pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

import pymongo
class MongoPipeline(object):
    def open_spider(self,spider):
        self.client = pymongo.MongoClient()

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        self.client.douban.movie.insert_one(item)
        return item

    def close_spider(self,spider):
        self.client.close()

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for mongo_demo project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'mongo_demo'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['mongo_demo.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'mongo_demo.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.131 Safari/537.36'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 1
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'mongo_demo.middlewares.MongoDemoSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'mongo_demo.middlewares.MongoDemoDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'mongo_demo.pipelines.MongoPipeline': 300,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

运行后的结果为

我们已经爬取到这些电影的信息，大家如果想要得到更多电影信息，可以用xpath方法继续获得。