稀疏数组实现过程及原理

当我们想要存储一个多维数组，且这个多为数组一样的元素很多（超过90%）我们就可以采用稀疏数组对其进行存储；

实现过程：首先我们自己构建一个二位数组，然后们把二维数组转为稀疏数组，再把稀疏数组进行还原操作；

在我们的代码中我们有一个将稀疏数组储存到文件中的一个过程；

import java.io.*;

/**
 * @author: zfq
 * @date: 2021/8/4 15:34
 * @description:
 */
public class SparesArray {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        int[][] chess = new int[11][11];
        chess[1][2] = 1;
        chess[2][3] = 2;
        chess[2][4] = 2;
        System.out.println("原始数组==================");
        for (int[] rows : chess) {
            for (int data : rows) {
                System.out.print("\t" + data);
            }
            System.out.println();
        }

        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < chess.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < chess.length; j++) {
                if (chess[i][j] != 0) {
                    sum++;
                }
            }
        }

        int[][] sparesChess = new int[sum + 1][3];
        sparesChess[0][0] = chess.length;
        sparesChess[0][1] = chess.length;
        sparesChess[0][2] = sum;
        int count = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < chess.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < chess.length; j++) {
                if (chess[i][j] != 0) {
                    count++;
                    sparesChess[count][0] = i;
                    sparesChess[count][1] = j;
                    sparesChess[count][2] = chess[i][j];
                }
            }
        }
        System.out.println("稀疏数组====================");
        for (int[] rows : sparesChess) {
            for (int data : rows) {
                System.out.print("\t" + data);
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
        System.out.println("写入文件ing。。。");
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("./data.data");
        ObjectOutputStream stream = new ObjectOutputStream(out);
        stream.writeObject(sparesChess);
        out.close();
        stream.close();

        FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream("./data.data");
        ObjectInputStream inputStream = new ObjectInputStream(input);
        int[][] o = (int[][]) inputStream.readObject();
        System.out.println("start读到文件。。。");
        for (int[] rows : o) {
            for (int data : rows) {
                System.out.print("\t"+data);
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
        System.out.println("end读到文件。。。");

        int[][] chessNew = new int[sparesChess[0][0]][sparesChess[0][1]];

        for (int i = 1; i < sparesChess.length; i++) {
            chessNew[sparesChess[i][0]][sparesChess[i][1]] = sparesChess[i][2];
        }
        System.out.println("恢复原始数据=================");
        for (int[] rows : chessNew) {
            for (int data : rows) {
                System.out.print("\t" + data);
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

运行代码截图如下：