❤️ServletContext详解❤️

ServletContext

web容器在启动的时候，它会为每个web程序都创建一个对应的ServletContext对象，它代表了当前的web应用

1、共享数据

我在这个Servlet中保存数据，可以在另外一个Servlet中拿到

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//this.getInitParameter() 初始化参数 //this.getServletConfig() Servlet配置 //this.getServletContext() Servlet上下文 ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
String username = "冷丁"; //数据
context.setAttribute("username",username); //将一个数据保存在了 ServletContext中，名字为:username 。值 username
} }

public class GetServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
String username = (String) context.getAttribute("username");
resp.setContentType("text/html"); resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); resp.getWriter().print("名字"+username);
}
@Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }

web.xml配置

<servlet>
<servlet-name>hello</servlet-name> 
<servlet-class>com.kuang.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet> <servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern> 
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>getc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.kuang.servlet.GetServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet> 
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/getc</url-pattern> 
</servlet-mapping>

2、初始化参数

<!--配置一些web应用初始化参数--> 
<context-param>
<param-name>url</param-name>
<param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value> 
</context-param>

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws
ServletException, IOException {
ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
String url = context.getInitParameter("url"); 
resp.getWriter().print(url);
}

利用context.getInitParameter方法可以获得xml配置的参数

3 、请求转发

@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws
ServletException, IOException {
ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
System.out.println("进入了ServletDemo04"); //RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher =
context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp"); //转发的请求路径 //requestDispatcher.forward(req,resp); //调用forward实现请求转发; context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp").forward(req,resp);
}

请求转发 路径不会变
重定向 路径会变

A 想拿到 C的资源，但A只能找到B

请求转发 B找C拿 B再给A

重定向 B告诉A去找C拿 A跳转到C拿

4、读取资源文件

Properties

• 在java目录下新建properties
• 在resources目录下新建properties
  发现:都被打包到了同一个路径下:classes，我们俗称这个路径为classpath:
  思路:需要一个文件流;

username=root12312 
password=zxczxczxc

public class ServletDemo05 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
InputStream is = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB- INF/classes/com/kuang/servlet/aa.properties");
Properties prop = new Properties(); 
prop.load(is);
String user = prop.getProperty("username"); 
String pwd = prop.getProperty("password");
resp.getWriter().print(user+":"+pwd);
}
@Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(" ") 参数写工程上的路径
这个方法可以将资源转换成流
**Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.load(is);**再用Properties对象加载对应的流，就可以获取到Properties中的信息