JAVA中WebSocket的简单应用(基于B/S):网页聊天/聊天室(区分用户)

于 2019-04-03 21:10:52 发布
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分类专栏： About_JAVA 文章标签： websocket 聊天 通讯 聊天室
buchengxi@126.com
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41377765/article/details/89004820
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websocket的简单应用—实现网页聊天/聊天室(区分用户)

硬件环境:Wind7
开发环境:eclipse+jdk1.7+tomcat9.0+maven

实现了简单的浏览器端根据不同用户发送消息显示在网页上(即简单的聊天室的实现)

下面开始:

1.首先我们都知道websocket是基于tcp的一种新型的网络协议,它实现了双工程通信(允许浏览器发信息给服务器)
2.最大的特点是他是持久化的网络通信协议

至于和http的优缺点我就不说了,那么直接开始撸代码吧

首先是在前端页面(jsp的,html是一样的)

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta>
    <title>Java后端WebSocket的Tomcat实现</title>
</head>
<body>
    Welcome<br/><input id="text" type="text"/>
    <button "send()">发送消息</button>
    <hr/>
    <button "closeWebSocket()">关闭WebSocket连接</button>
    <hr/>
    <div id="message"></div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var websocket = null;
    //判断当前浏览器是否支持WebSocket
    if ('WebSocket' in window) {
        websocket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/testDemo/websocket/1");
    }
    else {
        alert('当前浏览器 Not support websocket')
    }
    //连接发生错误的回调方法
    websocket.onerror = function () {
        setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接发生错误");
    };
    //连接成功建立的回调方法
    websocket.onopen = function () {
    	console.info("连接打开...")
        setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接成功");
    }
    //接收到消息的回调方法
    websocket.onmessage = function (event) {
    	console.info(event.data);
        setMessageInnerHTML(event.data);
    }
    //连接关闭的回调方法
    websocket.onclose = function () {
    	console.info("连接关闭...")
        setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接关闭");
    }
    //监听窗口关闭事件，当窗口关闭时，主动去关闭websocket连接，防止连接还没断开就关闭窗口，server端会抛异常。
    window.onbeforeunload = function () {
        closeWebSocket();
    }
    //将消息显示在网页上
    function setMessageInnerHTML(innerHTML) {
      var message =  document.getElementById("message").innerHTML += innerHTML + '<br/>';
      document.getElementById("message").innerHTML=message;
    }
    //关闭WebSocket连接
    function closeWebSocket() {
        websocket.close();
    }
    //发送消息
    function send() {
        var message = document.getElementById('text').value;
        websocket.send('{"id":2,"message":"'+message+'"}');
    }
</script>
</html>

那么在后端:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;

import javax.websocket.OnClose;
import javax.websocket.OnError;
import javax.websocket.OnMessage;
import javax.websocket.OnOpen;
import javax.websocket.Session;
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;

@ServerEndpoint("/websocket/{id}")
public class WebsocketController {

	
	//存放客户端对应的mywebsocket对象
//	private static CopyOnWriteArraySet<WebsocketController> websocketControllers = new CopyOnWriteArraySet<WebsocketController>();
	
	private static java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap<String,WebsocketController> websocketControllers = new java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap<String,WebsocketController>();
	
	private  Session session;//会话
	
	private String id; //表示每一个Session
	
	/**
	 * 建立连接调用方法
	 */
	@OnOpen
	public void onOnpen(Session session,@PathParam("id") String id) {
		System.out.println("建立了连接..."+id);
		this.session=session;
		this.id = id;
		
//		websocketControllers.add(this);//存放到set中
		websocketControllers.put(this.id,this);//存放到set中
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * 连接关闭调用的方法
	 */
	@OnClose
	public void onClose(){
		System.out.println("连接关闭...");
//		websocketControllers.remove(this);  //从set中删除
		websocketControllers.remove(this.id);  //从set中删除
	}
	
	/**
	 * 收到客户端消息后调用的方法
	 * @param message 客户端发送过来的消息
	 * @param session 可选的参数
	 */
	@OnMessage
	public void onMessage(String message, Session session) {
		//消息的格式:{"id":2,"message":"+message+"}
		//new JsonParser()
		//new JSONPObject()
		int i1 = message.indexOf(":");
		int i2 = message.indexOf(",");
		String id=message.substring(i1+1, i2);
		
		int i3 = message.lastIndexOf(":");
		//int i4 = message.lastIndexOf(",");
		String msg=message.substring(i3);
		
		System.out.println(id+"来自客户端的消息:" + message);
		System.out.println(id+"---------");
		//取得对应的id
		WebsocketController item  = websocketControllers.get(id);
		try {
			item.sendMessage(msg);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		//群发消息
		/*for(WebsocketController item: websocketControllers){
			try {
				item.sendMessage(message);
//				this.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				continue;
			}
		}*/
	}
	/**
	 * 发生错误时调用
	 * @param session
	 * @param error
	 */
	@OnError
	public void onError(Session session, Throwable error){
		System.out.println("发生错误..");
		error.printStackTrace();
	}
	/**
	 * @param message
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public void sendMessage(String message) throws IOException{
		System.out.println("开始发送消息");
		//this.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
		this.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);
	}
}

pom.xml文件内容(非maven构建项目引入相关Jar文件即可)

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.accp.springmvc</groupId>
	<artifactId>websocket</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>websocket Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.12</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!--1.志相关依赖 -->
		<!--slf4j规范接口 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.7.12</version>
		</dependency>
		<!--logback日志 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.7</version>
		</dependency>
		<!--实现slf4j接口并整合 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.7</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- jackson json配置 -->
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
			<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
			<version>2.9.6</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aspects -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context-support -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
			<version>1.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.2.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-tx -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.jsqlparser/jsqlparser -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.github.jsqlparser</groupId>
			<artifactId>jsqlparser</artifactId>
			<version>1.3</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
			<version>3.4.6</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>8.0.12</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 导入分页插件 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
			<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.0</version>
		</dependency>

		<!--Servlet web相关依赖 -->
		<!--jsp相关依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
			<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>jstl</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.0</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax</groupId>
			<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
			<version>8.0</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<finalName>websocket</finalName>
	</build>
</project>

web.xml的内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
	<display-name>jsp-0402</display-name>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>

	<!-- 核心控制器：与Struts的核心过滤器一样 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- tomcat启动时，运行该Servlet -->
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<!-- 处理中文乱码的过滤器 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

如果你看着代码脑袋疼,那你可以点击github网址,里面有现成的呦!
那简单的websocket应用就是这样了,撸起来!

个人邮箱buchengxi@126.com,可以一起讨论技术问题呀

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