SpringBoot+Mysql学习项目（二）

上一篇中项目用的是jdbcTemplate，本篇中介绍使用JPA

JPA(Java Persistence API)是Sun官方提出的Java持久化规范. 为Java开发人员提供了一种对象/关联映射工具来管理Java应用中的关系数据. 它的出现是为了简化现有的持久化开发工作和整合ORM技术. 结束各个ORM框架各自为营的局面.

Spring Data JPA是Spring基于ORM框架、JPA规范的基础上封装的一套JPA应用框架,是基于Hibernate之上构建的JPA使用解决方案,用极简的代码实现了对数据库的访问和操作,包括了增、删、改、查等在内的常用功能.总之，里面有很多已经定义好了的方法，使用起来很方便，代码量也减少了。

还是先导入需要的依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springboot</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.persistence/javax.persistence-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.persistence-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

配置数据源以及JPA

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/springboot?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  jpa:
    database: mysql
    show-sql: true
    open-in-view: false

记得在application.propertise文件中配置：spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.physical-strategy

spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.physical-strategy=org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.PhysicalNamingStrategyStandardImpl

如果不进行配置或者在.yml文件中配置，在自动生成sql语句时将会对驼峰命名法的列名转换成带下划线，从而出错：例如

 至于为什么会这样，有兴趣自己查一下！！！！！！

建立实体类

import javax.persistence.*;
/**
 * @author Administrator
 * @description 实体类
 * @date 2019/12/26
 */
@Entity
public class User{

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer userId;

    @Column(name = "userName")
    private String userName;
    @Column(name = "passWord")
    private String passWord;
    @Column(name = "address")
    private String address;

    public Integer getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassWord() {
        return passWord;
    }

    public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
        this.passWord = passWord;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

建立一个接口继承JpaRepository<User,Integer>就完事了

import com.test.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
/**
 * @author Administrator
 * @description
 * @date 2019/12/26
 */
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer>{
}

接下来就是Controller类，直接调用就行

import com.test.pojo.User;
import com.test.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
/**
 * @author Administrator
 * @description
 * @date 2019/12/26
 */
@RestController
public class Controller {
    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/findAll",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String find(Integer userId){
        System.out.println("findAll........");
        List<User> list = userRepository.findAll();
        for (User user : list) {
            System.out.println(user.getUserId()+"---"+user.getUserName());
        }
        return "findAll";
    }
}