Makefile从入门到放弃（四）

环境变量及变量传递

在Makefile中使用系统环境变量，直接按照普通变量取值即可；

path:
	@echo $(OS)

设置&取消环境变量

在make中，当一个变量使用export进行声明后，变量将被加入当前工作的环境变量中，以后在make执行的所有规则的命令都可以使用这个变量。若需要取消，则使用unexport

export TARGET
export TARGET = main
export TARGET := $(TARGET)/m
export TARGET += 123

unexport TARGET

ps:unexport只能取消同一层级的export变量，子层级Makefile只能修改export变量

变量传递

run:
	make -f src/Makefile run EXECUTE=aa

run_TARGET:
	make execute_TARGET TARGET=app

run_SCRIPTS:
	make execute_SCRIPTS TARGET=scripts

execute_%:
	echo $(TARGET)
	make -f src/Makefile run EXECUTE=$(TARGET)

ps:通过命令行传递的变量优先级会高于export

整体Makefile

• main Makefile

TEST_EVN = 123

export TEST_EVN

export TARGET = main
export TARGET := $(TARGET)/m
export TARGET += 123

all:
	@echo make all
	@make -f src/Makefile all

path:
	@echo $(OS)
	@echo $(TEST_EVN)
	@echo $(origin TEST_EVN)
	@echo $(origin OS)
	@echo $(TARGET)
#	@make -f src/Makefile path

run:
	make -f src/Makefile run EXECUTE=aa

run_TARGET:
	make execute_TARGET TARGET=app

run_SCRIPTS:
	make execute_SCRIPTS TARGET=scripts

execute_%:
	echo $(TARGET)
	make -f src/Makefile run TEST_EVN=$(TARGET)

• sub Makefile

all:
	echo $(TEST_EVN)	
	echo all

path:
	echo $(TEST_EVN)
	echo path

run:
ifeq ($(TEST_EVN),app)
	echo $(TEST_EVN) 12
else ifeq ($(EXECUTE),scripts)
	echo $(TEST_EVN) 14
else 
	@$(error "no defined TEST_EVN")
endif
ifdef TEST_EVN
	echo $(TEST_EVN) 19
endif